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A wealth of evidence shows that real world networks are endowed with the small-world property i.e., that the maximal distance between any two of their nodes scales logarithmically rather than linearly with their size. In addition, most…

A precise definition of what constitutes a community in networks has remained elusive. Consequently, network scientists have compared community detection algorithms on benchmark networks with a particular form of community structure and…

The ability to compare complex systems can provide new insight into the fundamental nature of the processes captured in ways that are otherwise inaccessible to observation. Here, we introduce the $n$-tangle method to directly compare two…

This article is addressing a recurrent problem in biology: mining newly built large scale networks. Our approach consists in comparing these new networks to well known ones. The visual backbone of this comparative analysis is provided by a…

Biological phenomena differ significantly from physical phenomena. At the heart of this distinction is the fact that biological entities have computational abilities and thus they are inherently difficult to predict. This is the reason why…

What is a complex network? How do we characterize complex networks? Which systems can be studied from a network approach? In this text, we motivate the use of complex networks to study and understand a broad panoply of systems, ranging from…

The study of the topological structure of complex networks has fascinated researchers for several decades, and today we have a fairly good understanding of the types and reoccurring characteristics of many different complex networks.…

Society as a whole faces a host of economic tradeoffs, many of which emerge around economic policies. An example of tradeoffs that any society faces in many economic realms is the tradeoff between economic efficiency and income equality…

Networks form the backbone of many complex systems, ranging from the Internet to human societies. Accordingly, not only is the range of our interactions limited and thus best described and modeled by networks, it is also a fact that the…

The science of networks has revolutionised research into the dynamics of interacting elements. It could be argued that epidemiology in particular has embraced the potential of network theory more than any other discipline. Here we review…

A continuously evolving geography requires a good understanding in networks. As such, this paper accounts for theories and applications of complex networks and their role both in geography in general, as well as in determining various…

Real-world networks in technology, engineering and biology often exhibit dynamics that cannot be adequately reproduced using network models given by smooth dynamical systems and a fixed network topology. Asynchronous networks give a…

Connectivity patterns of ecological elements are often the core concern of ecologists working at multiple levels of organization (e.g., populations, ecosystems, and landscapes) because these patterns often reflect the forces shaping the…

Clearly, socio-economic freedom requires some extent of transparency regarding the implications of choices. In this paper, we review some established mechanisms for achieving such transparency, without any claim to completeness, and briefly…

Complex networks are frequently employed to model physical or virtual complex systems. When certain entities exist across multiple systems simultaneously, unveiling their corresponding relationships across the networks becomes crucial. This…

First we shortly review the different kinds of network modelling methods for systems biology with an emphasis on the different subtypes of logical models, which we review in more detail. Then we show the advantages of Boolean networks…

Cities create potential for individuals from different backgrounds to interact with one another. It is often the case, however, that urban infrastructure obfuscates this potential, creating dense pockets of affluence and poverty throughout…

There is an analogy between machine learning systems and economic entities in that they are both adaptive, and their behaviour is specified in a more-or-less explicit way. It appears that the area of AI that is most analogous to the…

In this paper, the relationship between the network synchronizability and the edge distribution of its associated graph is investigated. First, it is shown that adding one edge to a cycle definitely decreases the network sychronizability.…

Highlighting similarities and differences between networks is an informative task in investigating many biological processes. Typical examples are detecting differences between an inferred network and the corresponding gold standard, or…