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We discuss the fundamentals of the implicit moment method for Particle In Cell (PIC) simulation as presently implemented in the CELESTE3D code. We present the method in its fully electromagnetic and fully kinetic version. The application of…

Computational Physics · Physics 2008-01-29 Giovanni Lapenta

We present a dynamical framework for modeling the motion of point-like charged particles, with or without mass, in general external electromagnetic fields. A key feature of this formulation is the treatment of time coordinate as a dynamical…

Classical Physics · Physics 2026-01-07 Zui Oporto , Gonzalo Marcelo Ramírez-Ávila

An integrated simulation approach fully based upon particle-in-cell (PIC) model is proposed, which involves both fast particle generation via laser solid-density plasma interaction and transport and energy deposition of the particles in…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2015-01-12 W. -M. Wang , P. Gibbon , Z. -M. Sheng , Y. -T. Li

We present a new time-stepping criterion for N-body simulations that is based on the true dynamical time of a particle. This allows us to follow the orbits of particles correctly in all environments since it has better adaptivity than…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-12 Marcel Zemp , Joachim Stadel , Ben Moore , C. Marcella Carollo

The scattering of electromagnetic waves by an obstacle is analyzed through a set of partial differential equations combining the Maxwell's model with the mechanics of fluids. Solitary type EM waves, having compact support, may easily be…

Computational Physics · Physics 2018-03-28 Daniele Funaro , Eugene Kashdan

We describe in detail the method for Particle-in cell/Monte-Carlo simulation of electron cyclotron resonance (ECR) discharges. In the simulation, electric and magnetic fields are obtained by solving Maxwell equations, and electrons and ions…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 M. Ardehali

A manifestly covariant, or geometric, field theory for relativistic classical particle-field system is developed. The connection between space-time symmetry and energy-momentum conservation laws for the system is established geometrically…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2017-11-22 Peifeng Fan , Hong Qin , Jian Liu , Nong Xiang , Zhi Yu

A field theory and the associated structure-preserving geometric Particle-In-Cell (PIC) algorithm are developed to study low frequency electrostatic perturbations with fully kinetic ions and adiabatic electrons in magnetized plasmas. The…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2020-01-08 Jianyuan Xiao , Hong Qin

Optimal exploitation of supercomputing resources for the evaluation of electrostatic forces remains a challenge in molecular dynamics simulations of very large systems. The most efficient methods are currently based on particle-mesh Ewald…

Computational Physics · Physics 2025-09-23 Federica Troni , Davide Grassano , Jayashree Narayan , Benoît Roux , Sara Bonella

Modeling multi-scale collisionless magnetized processes constitutes an important numerical challenge. By treating electrons as a fluid and ions kinetically, the so-called hybrid Particle-In-Cell (PIC) codes represent a promising…

A continuum electromechanical model is proposed to describe the membrane curvature induced by electrostatic interactions in a solvated protein-membrane system. The model couples the macroscopic strain energy of membrane and the…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2015-05-19 Y. C. Zhou , Benzhuo Lu , Alemayehu A. Gorfe

We propose and study a Particle-In-Cell (PIC) method based on the Crank-Nicolson time discretization for the Vlasov-Poisson system with a strong and inhomogeneous external magnetic field with fixed direction, where we focus on the motion of…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-12-04 Francis Filbet , L Miguel Rodrigues , Kim Han Trinh

Particle-mesh simulations trade small-scale accuracy for speed compared to traditional, computationally expensive N-body codes in cosmological simulations. In this work, we show how a data-driven model could be used to learn an effective…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2023-12-01 Nicolas Payot , Pablo Lemos , Laurence Perreault-Levasseur , Carolina Cuesta-Lazaro , Chirag Modi , Yashar Hezaveh

To include the bound electron effects in particle-in-cell (PIC) simulation, we propose a model in which the response of the dipole components of partially ionized ions to external electromagnetic fields can be included. Instead of treating…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2022-08-18 Xiangyan An , Min Chen , Zheng-Ming Sheng , Jie Zhang

The present paper is devoted to the convergence analysis of a class of asymptotic preserving particle schemes [Filbet \& Rodrigues, SIAM J. Numer. Anal., 54 (2) (2016)] for the Vlasov equation with a strong external magnetic field. In this…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2020-03-23 Francis Filbet , Luis Miguel Rodrigues , Hamed Zakerzadeh

Maxwell equations provide a complete description of the electromagnetic (EM) phenomena, which have been one of the key fundamental-theories of modern physics, such as electromagnetism, optics, quantum theories, etc. The vacuum permittivity…

Classical Physics · Physics 2023-12-25 Zhiwei Sun

In this paper we analyze again a transition from the classical to quantum description of bound charged particles, which involves a substantial modification of the structure of their electromagnetic (EM) fields related to the well-known fact…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2011-03-22 T. Yarman , A. L. Kholmetskii , O. V. Missevitch

We discuss the electromagnetic properties of both a charged free particle, and a charged particle bounded by an harmonic potential, within collapse models. By choosing a particularly simple, yet physically relevant, collapse model, and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-17 Angelo Bassi , Detlef Duerr

Using a 2-1/2-dimensional particle-in-cell (PIC) code to simulate the relativistic expansion of a magnetized collisionless plasma into a vacuum, we report a new mechanism in which the magnetic energy is efficiently converted into the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 Edison Liang , Kazumi Nishimura , Hui Li , S. Peter Gary

Electromagnetics has an important role to play in solving the next generation of geoscience problems. These problems are multidisciplinary, complex, and require collaboration. This is especially true at the base scientific level where the…

Geophysics · Physics 2022-03-29 Douglas W. Oldenburg , Lindsey J. Heagy , Seogi Kang , Rowan Cockett