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The isometric embedding problem for Riemannian manifolds, which connects intrinsic and extrinsic geometry, is a central question in differential geometry with deep theoretical significance and wide-ranging applications. Despite extensive…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-02-24 Guangwei Gao , Kaibo Hu , Buyang Li , Ganghui Zhang

A fundamental problem in differential geometry is to characterize intrinsic metrics on a two-dimensional Riemannian manifold ${\mathcal M}^2$ which can be realized as isometric immersions into $\R^3$. This problem can be formulated as…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2015-05-13 Gui-Qiang Chen , Marshall Slemrod , Dehua Wang

We are concerned with underlying connections between fluids, elasticity, isometric embedding of Riemannian manifolds, and the existence of wrinkled solutions of the associated nonlinear partial differential equations. In this paper, we…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2017-08-29 Amit Acharya , Gui-Qiang Chen , Siran Li , Marshall Slemrod , Dehua Wang

The isometric immersion of two-dimensional Riemannian manifolds or surfaces in the three-dimensional Euclidean space is a fundamental problem in differential geometry. When the Gauss curvature is negative, the isometric immersion problem is…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2016-06-27 Wentao Cao , Feimin Huang , Dehua Wang

Direct linkages between regular or irregular isometric embeddings of surfaces and steady compressible or incompressible fluid dynamics are investigated in this paper. For a surface $(M,g)$ isometrically embedded in $\mathbb{R}^3$, we…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2026-01-30 Siran Li , Marshall Slemrod

We obtain a dynamical--topological obstruction for the existence of isometric embedding of a Riemannian manifold-with-boundary $(M,g)$: if the first real homology of $M$ is nontrivial, if the centre of the fundamental group is trivial, and…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2023-09-14 Siran Li

We formulate the equations of fluid dynamics as an intersection-theoretic problem on an infinite-dimensional symplectic manifold naturally associated with spacetime. This perspective separates the structures determined by the equation of…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2026-05-18 Nikita Nekrasov , Paul Wiegmann

The classification of the possible equilibrium shapes that a self-gravitating fluid can take in a Riemannian manifold is a classical problem in mathematical physics. In this paper it is proved that the equilibrium shapes are isoparametric…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2015-06-26 Daniel Peralta-Salas

We develop a geometric formulation of fluid dynamics, valid on arbitrary Riemannian manifolds, that regards the momentum-flux and stress tensors as 1-form valued 2-forms, and their divergence as a covariant exterior derivative. We review…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2022-06-14 Andrew D. Gilbert , Jacques Vanneste

Manifold learning has been proven to be an effective method for capturing the implicitly intrinsic structure of non-Euclidean data, in which one of the primary challenges is how to maintain the distortion-free (isometry) of the data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-24 Zihao Chen , Wenyong Wang , Yu Xiang

One field of fluid dynamics concerns the search for variational principles. So far, the Hamiltonian view and Riemannian geometry has been applied to find geodesics for hydrodynamic systems. Compared to Riemannian geometry sub-Riemannian…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2022-03-08 Annette Müller , Peter Névir

In this work we will study the dynamics of a thin layer of a viscous fluid which is embedded in the interior of another viscous fluid. The resulting flow can be approximated by means of the solutions of a free boundary problem for the…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2020-10-30 Tania Pernas-Castaño , Juan J. L. Velázquez

In this article we propose a novel geometric model to study the motion of a physical flag. In our approach a flag is viewed as an isometric immersion from the square with values in $\mathbb R^3$ satisfying certain boundary conditions at the…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2023-10-17 Martin Bauer , Jakob Møller-Andersen , Stephen C. Preston

We provide an introduction to the old-standing problem of isometric immersions. We combine a historical account of its multifaceted advances, which have fascinated geometers and analysts alike, with some of the applications in the…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2023-10-05 Qing Han , Marta Lewicka

In this work we give a detailed description of Matthias G\"unther's proof of the Isometric Embedding Theorem of Riemannian manifolds. Subsequently we will use this method to show that it is possible to construct an isometric embedding of a…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2016-07-15 Norman Zergänge

Certain semi-Riemannian metrics can be decomposed into a Riemannian part and an isochronal part. The properties of such metrics are particularly easy to visualize in a coordinate-free way, using isometric embedding. We present such an…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 Earnest Harrison

This note pertains to isometric embeddings endowed with certain geometric properties. We study two embedding problems for a Riemannian manifold $M$ which is diffeomorphic to $\RR^n$ and admits a Bieberbach group $\Gamma$ acting by…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2025-11-18 Dmitri Burago , Hongda Qiu

In this article, we show how to embed the so-called CH2 equations into the geodesic flow of the Hdiv metric in 2D, which, itself, can be embedded in the incompressible Euler equation of a non compact Riemannian manifold. The method consists…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2018-05-01 François-Xavier Vialard , Andrea Natale

The three-body general problem is formulated as a problem of geodesic trajectories flows on the Riemannian manifold. It is proved that a curved space with local coordinate system allows to detect new hidden symmetries of the internal motion…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2020-06-30 A. S. Gevorkyan

The isometric immersion of two-dimensional Riemannian manifold with negative Gauss curvature into the three-dimensional Euclidean space is considered through the Gauss-Codazzi equations for the first and second fundamental forms. The large…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2015-12-22 Wentao Cao , Feimin Huang , Dehua Wang
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