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Socio-economic inequalities are manifested in different aspects of our social life. We discuss various aspects, beginning with the evolutionary and historical origins, and discussing the major issues from the social and economic point of…

Physics and Society · Physics 2016-02-02 Arnab Chatterjee

The relationships between game theory and quantum mechanics let us propose certain quantization relationships through which we could describe and understand not only quantum but also classical, evolutionary and the biological systems that…

Physics and Society · Physics 2016-12-12 Esteban Guevara Hidalgo

Understanding the evolutionary dynamics of reinforcement learning under multi-agent settings has long remained an open problem. While previous works primarily focus on 2-player games, we consider population games, which model the strategic…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2020-06-30 Shuyue Hu , Chin-Wing Leung , Ho-fung Leung , Harold Soh

This paper builds a rule for decisionmaking from the physical behavior of single neurons, the well established neural circuitry of mutual inhibition, and the evolutionary principle of natural selection. No axioms are used in the derivation…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2023-02-21 Valdes Salvador , Gonzalo ValdesEdwards

In this volume a theory for models of transport in the presence of a free boundary is developed. Macroscopic laws of transport are described by PDEs. When the system is open, there are several mechanisms to couple the system with the…

Probability · Mathematics 2016-07-28 Gioia Carinci , Anna De Masi , Cristian Giardinà , Errico Presutti

Efficient networking has a substantial economic and societal impact in a broad range of areas including transportation systems, wired and wireless communications and a range of Internet applications. As transportation and communication…

Physics and Society · Physics 2015-05-30 Chi Ho Yeung , David Saad

This work's purpose is to understand the dynamics of some social systems whose properties can be captured by certain iterated function systems. To achieve this intension, we start from the theory of iterated function systems, and then we…

General Finance · Quantitative Finance 2016-09-20 Shilei Wang

Processes of mass communications in complicated social or sociobiological systems such as marketing, economics, politics, animal populations, etc. as a subject for the special scientific discipline - "mediaphysics" - are considered in its…

Physics and Society · Physics 2007-05-23 Dmitri V. Kuznetsov , Igor Mandel

During its history, the ultimate goal of economics has been to develop similar frameworks for modeling economic behavior as invented in physics. This has not been successful, however, and current state of the process is the neoclassical…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2020-12-09 Matti Estola

Education is a goal-oriented field. But if we want to treat education scientifically so we can accumulate, evaluate, and refine what we learn, then we must develop a theoretical framework that is strongly rooted in objective observations…

Physics Education · Physics 2007-05-23 Edward F. Redish

Statistical mechanics provides a useful analog for understanding the behavior of complex adaptive systems, including power markets and the power systems they intend to govern. Transaction-based control is founded on the conjecture that the…

Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems · Physics 2007-05-23 David P. Chassin

Estimating the free energy in molecular simulation requires, implicitly or explicitly, counting how many times the system is observed in a finite region. If the simulation is biased by an external potential, the weight of the configurations…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2021-12-22 Matteo Carli , Alessandro Laio

Self-interested behavior in sharing economies often leads to inefficient aggregate outcomes compared to a centrally coordinated allocation, ultimately harming users. Yet, centralized coordination removes individual decision power. This…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2026-03-20 Leonardo Pedroso , Andrea Agazzi , W. P. M. H. Heemels , Mauro Salazar

The applications of techniques from statistical (and classical) mechanics to model interesting problems in economics and finance has produced valuable results. The principal movement which has steered this research direction is known under…

General Finance · Quantitative Finance 2015-11-23 Emmanuel Haven , Sandro Sozzo

In this work we review some recent development in the mathematical modelling of quantitative sociology by means of statistical mechanics. After a short pedagogical introduction to static and dynamic properties of many body systems, we…

Physics and Society · Physics 2009-10-15 Elena Agliari , Adriano Barra , Raffaella Burioni , Pierluigi Contucci

We derive the optimal estimates of the free energies of an arbitrary number of thermodynamic states from nonequilibrium work measurements; the work data are collected from forward and reverse switching processes and obey a fluctuation…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-11-11 Paul Maragakis , Martin Spichty , Martin Karplus

A simple and effective approach to thermodynamics is suggested, which solves the major difficulties in the traditional presentation of the subject. The internal energy is introduced from the behavior of deformable bodies, whereas the…

General Physics · Physics 2012-03-13 Rodrigo de Abreu , Vasco Guerra

In any ecosystem, the conditions of the environment and the characteristics of the species that inhabit it are entangled, co-evolving in space and time. We introduce a model that couples active agents with a dynamic environment, interpreted…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2025-12-10 G. Briozzo , G. J. Sibona , F. Peruani

In the present paper, we identify several distributions from Physics and study their applicability to phenomena such as distribution of income, wealth, and expenditure. Firstly, we apply logistic distribution to these data and we find that…

General Finance · Quantitative Finance 2016-03-29 Elvis Oltean

This work lies in the fusion of experimental economics and data mining. It continues author's previous work on mining behaviour rules of human subjects from experimental data, where game-theoretic predictions partially fail to work.…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2012-11-13 Rustam Tagiew