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Gravitational analyzes in lower dimensions has become a field of active research interest ever since Banados, Teitelboim and Zanelli (BTZ) (Phys. Rev. Lett. 69, 1849, 1992) proved the existence of a black hole solution in (2 + 1)…
The Ba\~{n}ados, Teitelboim and Zanelli\cite{BTZ} solution corresponding to the exterior space-time of a black hole in $(2+1)$ dimensions has been found to be very useful to understand various aspects relating to the gravitational field of…
The (single) black hole solutions of Ba\~nados, Teitelboim and Zanelli (BTZ) in 2+1 dimensional anti-de Sitter space are generalized to an arbitrary number $n$ of such black holes. The resulting multi-black-hole (MBH) spacetime is locally…
Recently, Ba\~{n}ados, Teitelboim and Zanelli (BTZ) \cite{BTZ1992} has discovered an explicit vacuum solution of (2+1)-dimensional gravity with negative cosmological constant. It has been argued that the existence of such physical systems…
In this paper we give some general considerations about circularly symmetric, static space-times in 2+1 dimensions, focusing first on the surprising (at the time) existence of the BTZ black hole solution. We show that BTZ black holes and…
The Ba\~{n}ados, Teitelboim and Zanelli \cite{BTZ1992}, black hole solution is revamped from the Einstein field equations in (2 + 1)-dimensional anti-de Sitter spacetime, in a context of noncommutative geometry \cite{Rahaman(2013)}. In this…
The observation that the 2+1 dimensional BTZ black hole can be obtained as a quotient space of anti-de Sitter space leads one to ask what causal behaviour other such quotient spaces can display. In this paper we answer this question in 2+1…
Generalizations of the Black Hole geometry of Ba\~nados, Teitelboim and Zanelli (BTZ) are presented. The theory is three-dimensional vacuum Einstein theory with a negative cosmological constant. The $n$-black-hole solution has $n$…
Exact solutions of Einstein's equations in 2+1-dimensional anti-de Sitter space containing any number of black holes are described. In addition to the black holes these spacetimes can possess ``internal'' structure. Accordingly the generic…
It is shown that 2+1 dimensional anti-de Sitter spacetimes are Lorentz-flat. This means, in particular, that any simply-connected patch of the BTZ black hole solution can be endowed with a Lorentz connection that is locally pure gauge. The…
One of the most important achievements in general relativity has been discovery of the $(2+1)$-dimensional black hole solutions of Einstein gravity in anti-de Sitter (AdS) spacetime [Phys. Rev. Lett. {\bf69}, 1849 (1992)]. In this paper, we…
Setting an ansats that the metric is expressible by a power series of the inverse radius and taking a particular gauge choice, we construct a "general solution" of (2+1)-dimensional Einstein's equations with a negative cosmological constant…
We reviewed the Ba\u nados-Teitelboim-Zanelli (BTZ) black hole solution in connection with the spinning string solution. We find a new exact solution, which can be related to the $(2+1)$-dimensional spinning point particle solution. There…
In this paper we present two results in $(2+1)$ gravity coupled to nonlinear electrodynamics. First it is determined the general form of the electromagnetic field tensor in $(2+1)$ gravity coupled to nonlinear electrodynamics in stationary…
We discuss black hole solutions in (2+1)-dimensions with a scalar field non-minimally coupled to Einstein's gravity in the presence of a cosmological constant and a self-interacting scalar potential. Without specifying the form of the…
We find an exact nonstatic charged BTZ-like solutions, in ($N$+1)-dimensional Einstein gravity in the presence of negative cosmological constant and a nonlinear Maxwell field defined by a power $s$ of the Maxwell invariant, which describes…
It is shown that the five-dimensional anti-de Sitter black hole is a supersymmetric solution of the low-energy field equations of type IIB string theory compactified on an Einstein space. A statistical interpretation of the mass dependence…
Recently it has been shown that a 2+1 dimensional black hole can be created by a collapse of two colliding massless particles in otherwise empty anti-de Sitter space. Here we generalize this construction to the case of a non-zero impact…
Motivated by the well-known charged BTZ black holes, we look for $(2+1)$-dimensional solutions of $F(R)$ gravity. At first we investigate some near horizon solutions and after that we obtain asymptotically Lifshitz black hole solutions.…
We present a new class of spinning black hole solutions in $(2+1)$-dimensional general relativity minimally coupled to a dilaton with potential $e^{b\phi}\Lambda$. When $b=4$, the corresponding spinning black hole is a solution of low…