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Prime numbers have fascinated mathematicians since antiquity, with ongoing efforts to uncover both their properties and ever-larger examples. While giant primes rarely aid cryptography, they find use in areas such as locally decodable…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2025-10-14 Durba Bhattacharya , Sucharita Roy , Sourabh Bhattacharya

The generalized winding number (GWN) is a scalar field that supports robust containment queries on curved geometry, including non-watertight, overlapping, and nested boundary representations. While queries can be easily parallelized over…

Graphics · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Jacob Spainhour , Brad Whitlock , Kenneth Weiss

In this paper we study Gaussian ring $\Z[i]$ with a focus on representing Gaussian Mersenne primes $G_p$ in the form $x^2+7y^2$. Interestingly when such a form exists, one can observe that, $x\equiv \pm 1\pmod{8}$ and $y\equiv 0\pmod{8}$.…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2014-09-23 Sushma Palimar , Ambedkar Dukkipati

The generalized eigenvalue problem (GEP) serves as a cornerstone in a wide range of applications in numerical linear algebra and scientific computing. However, traditional approaches that aim to maximize the classical Rayleigh quotient…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-07-04 Xiaozhi Liu , Yong Xia

Complex machine learning (ML) inference algorithms like recurrent neural networks (RNNs) use standard functions from math libraries like exponentiation, sigmoid, tanh, and reciprocal of square root. Although prior work on secure 2-party…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-05-11 Deevashwer Rathee , Mayank Rathee , Rahul Kranti Kiran Goli , Divya Gupta , Rahul Sharma , Nishanth Chandran , Aseem Rastogi

Many domains, from deep learning to finance, require compounding real numbers over long sequences, often leading to catastrophic numerical underflow or overflow. We introduce generalized orders of magnitude (GOOMs), a principled extension…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-10 Franz A. Heinsen , Leo Kozachkov

A new global basis of B-splines is defined in the space of generalized quadratic splines (GQS) generated by Merrien subdivision algorithm. Then, refinement equations for these B-splines and the associated corner-cutting algorithm are given.…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-10-20 Paul Sablonniere

Probability metrics have become an indispensable part of modern statistics and machine learning, and they play a quintessential role in various applications, including statistical hypothesis testing and generative modeling. However, in a…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-03-02 Soheil Kolouri , Kimia Nadjahi , Umut Simsekli , Shahin Shahrampour

We show how to solve a generalised version of the Multi-sequence Linear Feedback Shift-Register (MLFSR) problem using minimisation of free modules over $\mathbb F[x]$. We show how two existing algorithms for minimising such modules run…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2013-12-02 Johan S. R. Nielsen

This paper addresses the gradient coding and coded matrix multiplication problems in distributed optimization and coded computing. We present a numerically stable binary coding method which overcomes the drawbacks of the \textit{Fractional…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-01-14 Neophytos Charalambides , Hessam Mahdavifar , Alfred O. Hero

A secure multi-party batch matrix multiplication problem (SMBMM) is considered, where the goal is to allow a master to efficiently compute the pairwise products of two batches of massive matrices, by distributing the computation across S…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2020-09-08 Zhen Chen , Zhuqing Jia , Zhiying Wang , Syed A. Jafar

This paper presents a novel meta algorithm, Partition-Merge (PM), which takes existing centralized algorithms for graph computation and makes them distributed and faster. In a nutshell, PM divides the graph into small subgraphs using our…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2013-09-25 Vincent Blondel , Kyomin Jung , Pushmeet Kohli , Devavrat Shah

It has long been known that sequences such as the powers of $2$ and the factorials satisfy Benford's Law; that is, leading digits in these sequences occur with frequencies given by $P(d)=\log_{10}(1+1/d)$, $d=1,2,\dots,9$. In this paper, we…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2018-10-30 Zhaodong Cai , Matthew Faust , A. J. Hildebrand , Junxian Li , Yuan Zhang

We propose the Gaussian Gated Linear Network (G-GLN), an extension to the recently proposed GLN family of deep neural networks. Instead of using backpropagation to learn features, GLNs have a distributed and local credit assignment…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-22 David Budden , Adam Marblestone , Eren Sezener , Tor Lattimore , Greg Wayne , Joel Veness

We present efficient realization of Generalized Givens Rotation (GGR) based QR factorization that achieves 3-100x better performance in terms of Gflops/watt over state-of-the-art realizations on multicore, and General Purpose Graphics…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2018-03-26 Farhad Merchant , Tarun Vatwani , Anupam Chattopadhyay , Soumyendu Raha , S K Nandy , Ranjani Narayan , Rainer Leupers

A shift splitting modified Newton-type (SSMN) iteration method is introduced for solving large sparse generalized absolute value equations (GAVEs). The SSMN method is established by replacing the regularized splitting of the coefficient…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2021-05-11 Xu Li , Xiao-Xia Yin

Gaussian fields (GFs) are frequently used in spatial statistics for their versatility. The associated computational cost can be a bottleneck, especially in realistic applications. It has been shown that computational efficiency can be…

Computation · Statistics 2015-03-13 Xiaoyu Liu , Serge Guillas , Ming-Jun Lai

Since Pearson [Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. A, 185 (1894), pp. 71-110] first applied the method of moments (MM) for modeling data as a mixture of one-dimensional Gaussians, moment-based estimation methods have…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Liu Zhang , Oscar Mickelin , Sheng Xu , Amit Singer

The equality between the number of odd spin structures on a Riemann surface of genus g, with $2^g - 1$ being a Mersenne prime, and the even perfect numbers, is an indication that the action of the modular group on the set of spin structures…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Simon Davis

The recently proposed "generalized min-max" (GMM) kernel can be efficiently linearized, with direct applications in large-scale statistical learning and fast near neighbor search. The linearized GMM kernel was extensively compared in with…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-03-10 Ping Li