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Backdoor (trojan) attacks embed hidden, controllable behaviors into machine-learning models so that models behave normally on benign inputs but produce attacker-chosen outputs when a trigger is present. This survey reviews the rapidly…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-09-10 Bilal Hussain Abbasi , Yanjun Zhang , Leo Zhang , Shang Gao

The use of TLS by malware poses new challenges to network threat detection because traditional pattern-matching techniques can no longer be applied to its messages. However, TLS also introduces a complex set of observable data features that…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2016-07-07 Blake Anderson , Subharthi Paul , David McGrew

When quantum communication networks proliferate they will likely be subject to a new type of attack: by hackers, virus makers, and other malicious intruders. Here we introduce the concept of "quantum malware" to describe such human-made…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-07-03 Lian-Ao Wu , Daniel A. Lidar

Support Vector Machines (SVMs) are among the most popular classification techniques adopted in security applications like malware detection, intrusion detection, and spam filtering. However, if SVMs are to be incorporated in real-world…

Informal arguments that cryptographic protocols are secure can be made rigorous using inductive definitions. The approach is based on ordinary predicate calculus and copes with infinite-state systems. Proofs are generated using…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-05-14 Lawrence C. Paulson

This report gives a novel technique of image encryption and authentication by combining elements of Visual Cryptography and Public Key Cryptography. A prominent attack involving generation of fake shares to cheat honest users has been…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2017-11-27 Rahul Saranjame , Manik Lal Das

Cryptovirological augmentations present an immediate, incomparable threat. Over the last decade, the substantial proliferation of crypto-ransomware has had widespread consequences for consumers and organisations alike. Established…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2017-09-26 Gregory D. Hill , Xavier J. A. Bellekens

Malware detection and analysis are active research subjects in cybersecurity over the last years. Indeed, the development of obfuscation techniques, as packing, for example, requires special attention to detect recent variants of malware.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-07-26 Benjamin Marais , Tony Quertier , Christophe Chesneau

These days, cyber-criminals target humans rather than machines since they try to accomplish their malicious intentions by exploiting the weaknesses of end users. Thus, human vulnerabilities pose a serious threat to the security and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-06-25 Dimitra Papatsaroucha , Yannis Nikoloudakis , Ioannis Kefaloukos , Evangelos Pallis , Evangelos K. Markakis

During a fight between viruses and anti-viruses it is not always predictable that the anti-virus is going to win. There are many malicious viruses which target to attack and paralyze the anti-viruses. It is necessary for an anti-virus to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2013-07-25 Umakant Mishra

Most currently used cryptographic tools for protecting data are based on certain computational assumptions, which makes them vulnerable with respect to technological and algorithmic developments, such as quantum computing. One existing…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-04-28 Aleksey K. Fedorov

Recently, interest has been emerging in the application of symbolic techniques to the specification and analysis of cryptosystems. These techniques, when accompanied by suitable proofs of soundness/completeness, can be used both to identify…

In this research work, security concepts are formalized in steganography, and the common paradigms based on information theory are replaced by another ones inspired from cryptography, more practicable are closer than what is usually done in…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2017-06-28 Jacques M. Bahi , Christophe Guyeux , Pierre-Cyrille Heam

Quantum algorithms can break factoring and discrete logarithm based cryptography and weaken symmetric cryptography and hash functions. In order to estimate the real-world impact of these attacks, apart from tracking the development of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-02-11 Vlad Gheorghiu , Michele Mosca

Many cybersecurity attacks rely on analyzing a binary executable to find exploitable sections of code. Code obfuscation is used to prevent attackers from reverse engineering these executables. In this work, we focus on control flow…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-08-28 Novak Boskov , Mihailo Isakov , Michel A. Kinsy

The obstacles of each security system combined with the increase of cyber-attacks, negatively affect the effectiveness of network security management and rise the activities to be taken by the security staff and network administrators. So,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-02-06 Mamoon A. Al Jbaar , Adel Jalal Yousif , Qutaiba I. Ali

In-browser cryptojacking involves hijacking the CPU power of a website's visitor to perform CPU-intensive cryptocurrency mining, and has been on the rise, with 8500% growth during 2017. While some websites advocate cryptojacking as a…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-09-10 Muhammad Saad , Aminollah Khormali , Aziz Mohaisen

This paper is an introductory discussion on the cause of open source software vulnerabilities, their importance in the cybersecurity ecosystem, and a selection of detection methods. A recent application security report showed 44% of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-03-31 Stuart Millar

Image applications have been increasing in recent years.Encryption is used to provide the security needed for image applications. In this paper, we classify various image encryption schemes and analyze them with respect to various…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2011-12-06 Jolly Shah , Vikas Saxena

The rapid advancement of quantum computing poses a significant threat to many current security algorithms used for secure communication, digital authentication, and information encryption. A sufficiently powerful quantum computer could…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-07-19 Basel Halak , Cristian Sebastian Csete , Edward Joyce , Jack Papaioannou , Alexandre Pires , Jin Soma , Betul Gokkaya , Michael Murphy
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