Related papers: Peirce's Truth-functiona Analysis and the Origin o…
Leibniz's mathematical texts are a perfect example of a type of historical document that is extremely difficult to deal with in the context of an editorial enterprise: the draft. The tables in Leibniz's mathematical manuscripts are a…
Charles Peirce develops a scheme for classifying different kinds of monadic, dyadic and triadic relations. His account of these different classes of relations figures prominently in the development of his algebraic and diagrammatic systems…
We consider extensions of the language of Peano arithmetic by transfinitely iterated truth definitions satisfying uniform Tarskian biconditionals. Without further axioms, such theories are known to be conservative extensions of the original…
Judea Pearl's insight that, when errors are assumed independent, the Pure (aka Natural) Direct Effect (PDE) is non-parametrically identified via the Mediation Formula was `path-breaking' in more than one sense! In the same paper Pearl…
The Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) paradox was enunciated in 1935 and since then it has made a lot of ink flow. Being a subtle result, it has also been largely misunderstood. Indeed, if questioned about its solution, many physicists will…
I discuss the design of the method of entropic inference as a general framework for reasoning under conditions of uncertainty. The main contribution of this discussion is to emphasize the pragmatic elements in the derivation. More…
As a celebration of the \emph{Tractatus} 100th anniversary it might be worth revisiting its relation to the later writings. From the former to the latter, David Pears recalls that ``everyone is aware of the holistic character of…
We present a new English translation of L.E.J. Brouwer's paper `De onbetrouwbaarheid der logische principes' (The unreliability of the logical principles) of 1908, together with a philosophical and historical introduction. In this paper…
Beginning with a simple semantics for propositions, based on counting observations, it is shown that probabilistic and fuzzy logic correspond to two different heuristic assumptions regarding the combination of propositions whose evidence…
In 1935, Albert Einstein, Boris Podolsky, and Nathan Rosen ('EPR') reported on a thought experiment that they believed showed that quantum theory provided an incomplete description of reality. Today we know that quantum theory is a complete…
Logic has its origins in basic questions about the nature of the real world and how we describe it. This article seeks to bring out the physical and epistemological relevance of some of the more recent technical work in logic and…
In 2010, Vladimir Voevodsky gave a lecture on "What If Current Foundations of Mathematics Are Inconsistent?" Among other things he said that he was seriously suspicious that an inconsistency in PA (first-order Peano arithmetic) might…
We introduce the flower calculus, a deep inference proof system for intuitionistic first-order logic inspired by Peirce's existential graphs. It works as a rewriting system over inductive objects called ''flowers'', that enjoy both a…
Einstein was deeply puzzled by the success of natural science, and thought that we would never be able to explain it. He came to this conclusion on the ground that we cannot extract the basic laws of physics from experience using induction…
Since Austin introduced the term ``infelicity'', the linguistic literature has been flooded with its use, but no formal or computational explanation has been given for it. This thesis provides one for those infelicities that occur when a…
We suggest that the inner syntax of Quantum Mechanics is relational logic, a form of logic developed by C. S. Peirce during the years 1870 - 1880. The Peircean logic has the structure of category theory, with relation serving as an arrow…
Lorenzen's ``Algebraische und logistische Untersuchungen \"uber freie Verb\"ande'' appeared in 1951 in The journal of symbolic logic. These ``Investigations'' have immediately been recognised as a landmark in the history of infinitary proof…
We study logical reduction (factorization) of relations into relations of lower arity by Boolean or relative products that come from applying conjunctions and existential quantifiers to predicates, i.e. by primitive positive formulas of…
Besides the better-known Nelson's Logic and Paraconsistent Nelson's Logic, in "Negation and separation of concepts in constructive systems" (1959), David Nelson introduced a logic called S with the aim of analyzing the constructive content…
Abstract algebraic logic is a theory that provides general tools for the algebraic study of arbitrary propositional logics. According to this theory, every logic L is associated with a matrix semantics Mod*(L). This paper is a contribution…