Related papers: Heat Transfer and Reconnection Diffusion in Turbul…
The full MHD problem of the flow and heat transfer due to a linearly stretching sheet in the presence of a transverse magnetic field is put in a self-similar form. Traditionally ignored physical processes such as induced magnetic field,…
A systematic procedure to derive shell models for MHD turbulence is proposed. It takes into account the conservation of ideal quadratic invariants such as the total energy, the cross-helicity and the magnetic helicity as well as the…
Magnetic energy around astrophysical compact objects can strongly dominate over plasma rest mass. Emission observed from these systems may be fed by dissipation of Alfv\'en wave turbulence, which cascades to small damping scales, energizing…
Galaxy clusters are filled with hot, diffuse X-ray emitting plasma, with a stochastically tangled magnetic field whose energy is close to equipartition with the energy of the turbulent motions \cite{zweibel1997, Vacca}. In the cluster…
The intracluster medium (ICM) is stably stratified in the hydrodynamic sense with the entropy $s$ increasing outwards. However, thermal conduction along magnetic field lines fundamentally changes the stability of the ICM, leading to the…
Many astrophysical fluids are magnetized and turbulent. Such fluids can be often described by magnetohydrodynamics (MHD). In this review, we mainly consider MHD turbulence with a strong mean magnetic field whose energy density is greater…
Recently a new theory for the transport of energetic particles across a mean magnetic field was presented. Compared to other non-linear theories the new approach has the advantage that it provides a full time-dependent description of the…
The role of turbulence in various astrophysical settings is reviewed. Among the differences to laboratory and atmospheric turbulence we highlight the ubiquitous presence of magnetic fields that are generally produced and maintained by…
Magnetic reconnection is a ubiquitous plasma phenomenon that plays a critical role in particle heating and energization. During reconnection, the topology of magnetic field rearranges, depositing energy into the surrounding plasma through…
The transport of high-energy particles in the presence of small-scale, turbulent magnetic fields is a long-standing issue in astrophysics. Analytical theories on transport perpendicular to the large-scale magnetic field disagree with…
The theoretical prediction that magnetic reconnection spontaneously drives turbulence has been supported by magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) and kinetic simulations. While reconnection with externally driven turbulence is accepted as an effective…
We study the propagation of cosmic rays (CRs) through a simulation of magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) turbulence at unprecedented resolution of $10{,}240^3$. We drive turbulence that is subsonic and super-Alfv\'enic, characterized by $\delta…
The characterization of heat and momentum fluxes in wall-bounded turbulence is of paramount importance for a plethora of applications, ranging from engineering to Earth sciences. However, how the turbulent structures associated with…
Intermittency is an essential property of astrophysical fluids, which demonstrate an extended inertial range. As intermittency violates self-similarity of motions, it gets impossible to naively extrapolate the properties of fluid obtained…
Thermal convection is one of the main mechanisms of heat transport and mixing in stars in general and also in the photospheric layers which emit the radiation that we observe with astronomical instruments. The present lecture notes first…
The weak collisionality typical of turbulence in many diffuse astrophysical plasmas invalidates an MHD description of the turbulent dynamics, motivating the development of a more comprehensive theory of kinetic turbulence. In particular, a…
I review particle heating by MHD turbulence in collisionless plasmas appropriate to advection-dominated accretion flows. These considerations suggest that the preferential turbulent heating of protons assumed by theoretical models is only…
Electron heating and mixing during asymmetric reconnection are studied with a 3D kinetic simulation that matches plasma parameters from Magnetospheric Multiscale (MMS) spacecraft observations of a magnetopause diffusion region. The mixing…
We briefly review helicity dynamics, inverse and bi-directional cascades in fluid and magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) turbulence, with an emphasis on the latter. The energy of a turbulent system, an invariant in the non-dissipative case, is…
The role of thermal conduction in regulating the thermal behavior of cooling flows in galaxy clusters is reexamined. Recent investigations have shown that the anisotropic Coulomb heat flux caused by a magnetic field in a dilute plasma…