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This study aims to provide a reference to different magnetic field models and reconstruction methods for interplanetary coronal mass ejections (ICMEs). In order to understand the differences in the outputs of those models and codes, we…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-11 N. Al-Haddad , T. Nieves-Chinchilla , N. P. Savani , C. Möstl , K. Marubashi , M. Hidalgo , I. I. Roussev , S. Poedts , C. J. Farrugia

We report on the detailed and systematic study of field-line twist and length distributions within magnetic flux ropes embedded in Interplanetary Coronal Mass Ejections (ICMEs). The Grad-Shafranov reconstruction method is utilized together…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-09-16 Qiang Hu , Jiong Qiu , Sam Krucker

A novel technique is presented for describing and visualizing the local topology of the magnetic field using single-spacecraft data in the solar wind. The approach merges two established techniques: the Grad-Shafranov (GS) reconstruction…

Coronal mass ejections (CMEs) are the main drivers of geomagnetic disturbances, but the effects of their interaction with Earth's magnetic field depend on their magnetic configuration and orientation. Fitting and reconstruction techniques…

The solar wind conditions at one astronomical unit (AU) can be strongly disturbed by the interplanetary coronal mass ejections (ICMEs). A subset, called magnetic clouds (MCs), is formed by twisted flux ropes that transport an important…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 S. Dasso , M. S. Nakwacki , P. Démoulin , C. H. Mandrini

We develop an approach of Grad-Shafranov (GS) reconstruction for toroidal structures in space plasmas, based on in-situ spacecraft measurements. The underlying theory is the GS equation that describes two-dimensional magnetohydrostatic…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2017-08-30 Qiang Hu

This article completes and extends a recent study of the Grad-Shafranov (GS) reconstruction in toroidal geometry, as applied to a two and a half dimensional configurations in space plasmas with rotational symmetry. A further application to…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2017-11-29 Qiang Hu , M. G. Linton , B. E. Wood , P. Riley , T. Nieves-Chinchilla

Magnetic Clouds (MCs) are a particular subset of Interplanetary Coronal Mass Ejections (ICMEs), forming large scale magnetic flux ropes. In this work we analyze the evolution of a particular MC (observed on March 1998) using {\it in situ}…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-30 M. S. Nakwacki , S. Dasso , P. Démoulin , C. H. Mandrini , A. M. Gulisano

In the context of Sun-Earth connection of coronal mass ejections and magnetic flux ropes (MFRs), we studied the solar active region (AR) and the magnetic properties of magnetic cloud (MC) event during April 14-15, 2013. We use in-situ…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2016-08-31 P. Vemareddy , C. Möstl , T. Rollett , W. Mishra , C. Farrugia , M. Leitner

Magnetic flux ropes within interplanetary coronal mass ejections are often characterized as simplistic cylindrical or toroidal tubes with field lines that twist around the cylinder or torus axis. Recent multi-point observations suggest that…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2024-06-21 Andreas J. Weiss , Teresa Nieves-Chinchilla , Christian Möstl

Coronal mass ejections (CMEs) observed near the Sun via LASCO coronographic imaging are the most important solar drivers of geomagnetic storms. ICMEs, their interplanetary, near-Earth counterparts, can be detected in-situ, for example, by…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 V. Yurchyshyn , Q. Hu , R. P. Lepping , B. J. Lynch , J. Krall

The twisted local magnetic field at the front or rear regions of the magnetic clouds (MCs) associated with interplanetary coronal mass ejections (ICMEs) is often nearly opposite to the direction of the ambient interplanetary magnetic field…

Observations of magnetic clouds, within interplanetary coronal mass ejections (ICMEs), are often well described by flux rope models. Most of these assume either a cylindrical or toroidal geometry. In some cases, these models are also…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2022-12-07 Andreas J. Weiss , Teresa Nieves-Chinchilla , Christian Möstl , Martin A. Reiss , Tanja Amerstorfer , Rachel L. Bailey

Small-scale interplanetary magnetic flux ropes (SMFRs) are similar to ICMEs in magnetic structure, but are smaller and do not exhibit ICME plasma signatures. We present a computationally efficient and GPU-powered version of the…

We present unique {and additional} observational evidence for the self-generation of small-scale coherent magnetic flux rope structures in the solar wind. Such structures with durations between 9 and 361 minutes are identified from Wind…

Space Physics · Physics 2018-01-08 Jinlei Zheng , Qiang Hu

Coronal mass ejections (CMEs) represent one type of the major eruption from the Sun. Their interplanetary counterparts, the interplanetary CMEs (ICMEs), are the direct manifestations of these structures when they propagate into the…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2021-07-06 Qiang Hu , Wen He , Lingling Zhao , Edward Lu

We have developed a new automated small-scale magnetic flux rope (SSMFR) detection algorithm based on the Grad-Shafranov (GS) reconstruction technique. We have applied this detection algorithm to the Wind spacecraft in-situ measurements…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2018-11-28 Qiang Hu , Jinlei Zheng , Yu Chen , Jakobus le Roux , Lulu Zhao

Detecting large-scale flux ropes (FRs) embedded in interplanetary coronal mass ejections (ICMEs) and assessing their geoeffectiveness are essential since they can drive severe space weather. At 1 au, these FRs have an average duration of 1…

We report on an observationally constrained analytical model, the INterplanetary Flux ROpe Simulator (INFROS), for predicting the magnetic-field vectors of coronal mass ejections (CMEs) in the interplanetary medium. The main architecture of…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2020-01-29 Ranadeep Sarkar , Nat Gopalswamy , Nandita Srivastava

Magnetic clouds (MCs) are twisted magnetic structures ejected from the Sun and probed by in situ instruments. They are typically modeled as flux ropes (FRs). The determination of the FR global characteristics requires the estimation of the…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2018-11-21 Pascal Démoulin , Sergio Dasso , Miho Janvier
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