Related papers: Ordering in bidirectional pedestrian flows and its…
Reliable empirical data and proper understanding of pedestrian dynamics are necessary for fire safety design. However, specifications and data in different handbooks as well as experimental studies differ considerably. In this study, series…
Intersections of pedestrian flows feature multiple types, varying in the numbers of flow directions as well as intersecting angles. In this article results from diverse bidirectional flow experiments with different intersecting angles are…
In this article the dynamics of pedestrian streams in four different scenarios are compared empirically to investigate the influence of boundary conditions on it. The Voronoi method, which allows high resolution and small fluctuations of…
Since the beginning of the century, capturing trajectories of pedestrian streams precisely from video recordings has been possible. To enable measurements at high density, the heads of the pedestrians are marked and tracked, thus providing…
In this study, series of experiments under laboratory conditions were carried out to investigate pedestrian flow through a T-junction, i.e., two branches merging into the main stream. The whole duration of the experiments was recorded by…
The progress of image processing during recent years allows the measurement of pedestrian characteristics on a "microscopic" scale with low costs. However, density and flow are concepts of fluid mechanics defined for the limit of infinitely…
This study presents an experimental measurement of pedestrians' body rotation in bidirectional streams. A mock-up corridor monitored using a camera placed on azimuthal position is used to study pedestrians' behavior in unidirectional and…
Many observations of pedestrian dynamics, including various self-organization phenomena, have been reproduced successfully by different models. But the empirical databases for quantitative calibration are still insufficient, e.g. the…
Standard definitions of the density exhibit large fluctuations when the size of the measurement area is comparable with the size of a pedestrian. An alternative measurement method exists where a personal space, calculated through the…
For a group of pedestrians without any spatial boundaries, the methods of density estimation is a wide area of research. Besides, there is a specific difficulty when the density along one given pedestrian trajectory is needed in order to…
Agent-based models are becoming indispensable tools in building design, safety assessments as well as management of emergency egress. However, reliable calibrations of these models should be mandatory before they are used in practice. To…
In a crowd, individuals make different motion choices such as "moving to destination", "following another pedestrian", and "making a detour". For the sake of convenience, the three direction choices are respectively called destination…
The motion of pedestrians is subject to a wide range of influences and exhibits a rich phenomenology. To enable precise measurement of the density and velocity we use an alternative definition using Voronoi diagrams which exhibits smaller…
Understanding pedestrian dynamics is crucial for appropriately designing pedestrian spaces. The pedestrian fundamental diagram (FD), which describes the relationship between pedestrian flow and density within a given space, characterizes…
The empirical relation between density and velocity of pedestrian movement is not completely analyzed, particularly with regard to the `microscopic' causes which determine the relation at medium and high densities. The simplest system for…
In this paper we investigate effects of boundary conditions on one dimensional pedestrian flow which involves purely longitudinal interactions. Qualitatively, stop-and-go waves are observed under closed boundary condition and dissolve when…
A function for the dependence of flow on pedestrian density is derived analytically from the Social Force Model (SFM) for the case of a homogeneous population walking in the same direction and being in steady state. Assuming that only…
Employing partially overlapping overhead \kinectTMS sensors and automatic pedestrian tracking algorithms we recorded the crowd traffic in a rectilinear section of the main walkway of Eindhoven train station on a 24/7 basis. Beside giving…
The relation between flow and density is an essential quantitative characteristic to describe the efficiency of traffic systems. We have performed experiments with single-file motion of bicycles and compare the results with previous studies…
The relation between speed and density is connected with every self-organization phenomenon of pedestrian dynamics and offers the opportunity to analyze them quantitatively. But even for the simplest systems, like pedestrian streams in…