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When numerically solving Einstein's equations for binary black holes (BBH), we must find initial data on a three-dimensional spatial slice by solving constraint equations. The construction of initial data is a multi-step process, in which…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-12-19 Iago B. Mendes , Nils L. Vu , Oliver Long , Harald P. Pfeiffer , Robert Owen

We show that primordial black holes (PBHs) with significant spin and bulk motion produce sharply collimated neutrino bursts from Hawking evaporation, arising from the interplay of spin-induced angular anisotropy and relativistic Doppler…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-07-29 Arnab Chaudhuri , Priya Mishra , Rukmani Mohanta

Black hole entropy is a robust prediction of quantum gravity with no established phenomenological consequences to date. We use the Bekenstein-Hawking entropy formula and general-relativistic statistical mechanics to determine the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-10-23 Eugenio Bianchi , Anuradha Gupta , Hal M. Haggard , B. S. Sathyaprakash

We numerically construct an one-parameter family of initial data of an expanding inhomogeneous universe model which is composed of regularly aligned black holes with an identical mass. They are initial data for vacuum solutions of the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2013-05-30 Chul-Moon Yoo , Hiroyuki Abe , Yohsuke Takamori , Ken-ichi Nakao

This paper introduces a new effort to study the collision of plane-fronted gravitational waves in four dimensional, asymptotically flat spacetime, using numerical solutions of the Einstein equations. The pure vacuum problem requires…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2018-11-07 Frans Pretorius , William E. East

We present an alternative approach to setting initial data in general relativity. We do not use a conformal decomposition, but instead express the 3-metric in terms of a given unit vector field and one unknown scalar field. In the case of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-11-10 Nigel T. Bishop , Florian Beyer , Michael Koppitz

We present a new initial data formulation to solve the full set of Einstein equations for spacetimes that contain a black hole under general conditions. The method can be used to construct complete initial data for spacetimes (the full…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-03-06 Antonios Tsokaros , Kōji Uryū , Stuart L. Shapiro

I describe the construction of initial data for the Einstein vacuum equations that can represent a collision of two black holes. I stress in the main physical ideas.

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-12-07 S. Dain

We present a non-perturbative method for calculating the abundance of primordial black holes given an arbitrary one-point probability distribution function for the primordial curvature perturbation, $P(\zeta)$. A non-perturbative method is…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2023-06-01 Andrew D. Gow , Hooshyar Assadullahi , Joseph H. P. Jackson , Kazuya Koyama , Vincent Vennin , David Wands

Non-continuous "jumps" of Apparent Horizons occur generically in 3+1 (binary) black hole evolutions. The dynamical trapping horizon framework suggests a spacetime picture in which these "Apparent Horizon jumps" are understood as spatial…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2011-04-05 José Luis Jaramillo , Marcus Ansorg , Nicolas Vasset

We investigate the formation of primordial black holes in curvaton models of inflation, where the curvature perturbation is not only generated by the inflaton but also by a light scalar field (the curvaton) that decays after inflation.…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-07-21 Tomotaka Kuroda , Atsushi Naruko , Vincent Vennin , Masahide Yamaguchi

We present approximate analytical solutions to the Hamiltonian and momentum constraint equations, corresponding to systems composed of two black holes with arbitrary linear and angular momentum. The analytical nature of these initial data…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2017-08-23 Pedro Marronetti

Stochastic inflation resolves primordial perturbations non-linearly, probing their probability distribution deep into its non-Gaussian tail. The strongest perturbations collapse into primordial black holes. In typical black-hole-producing…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2023-08-07 Eemeli Tomberg

Primordial black holes (PBHs) could be formed if large perturbations are generated on small scales in inflation. We study a toy inflation model with a local minimum. The curvature perturbations are enhanced when the inflaton passes through…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2023-09-01 Bao-Min Gu , Fu-Wen Shu , Ke Yang , Yu-Peng Zhang

The production of numerical relativity waveforms that describe quasicircular binary black hole mergers requires high-quality initial data, and an algorithm to iteratively reduce residual eccentricity. To date, these tools remain closed…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-06-09 Sarah Habib , Antoni Ramos-Buades , E. A. Huerta , Sascha Husa , Roland Haas , Zachariah Etienne

The black holes that have been detected via gravitational waves (GW) can have either astrophysical or primordial origin. Some GW events show significant spin for one of the components and have been assumed to be astrophysical, since…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-09-27 Santiago Jaraba , Juan Garcia-Bellido

The origin of black hole entropy and the black hole information problem provide important clues for trying to piece together a quantum theory of gravity. Thus far, discussions on this topic have mostly assumed that in a consistent theory of…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2012-10-02 Markus P. Mueller , Jonathan Oppenheim , Oscar C. O. Dahlsten

The primordial black hole (PBH) is an effective candidate for dark matter. In this work, the PBH abundance $f$ is calculated in peak theory, with one or two perturbations in the inflaton potential. We construct an antisymmetric perturbation…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2021-12-09 Qing Wang , Yi-Chen Liu , Bing-Yu Su , Nan Li

We prove the existence of a family of initial data for Einstein equations which represent small deformations of the extreme Kerr black hole initial data. The data in this family have the same asymptotic geometry as extreme Kerr. In…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2011-03-03 Sergio Dain , María E. Gabach Clément

Primordial black holes may owe their origin to the small-scale enhancement of the comoving curvature perturbation generated during inflation. Their mass fraction at formation is markedly sensitive to possible non-Gaussianities in such…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2018-03-13 G. Franciolini , A. Kehagias , S. Matarrese , A. Riotto
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