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We consider a Markov process in continuous time with a finite number of discrete states. The time-dependent probabilities of being in any state of the Markov chain are governed by a set of ordinary differential equations, whose dimension…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2014-10-31 Fernando Lopez-Caamal , Tatiana T. Marquez-Lago

Fluid approximations have seen great success in approximating the macro-scale behaviour of Markov systems with a large number of discrete states. However, these methods rely on the continuous-time Markov chain (CTMC) having a particular…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-10-29 Michalis Michaelides , Jane Hillston , Guido Sanguinetti

State estimation aims at approximately reconstructing the solution $u$ to a parametrized partial differential equation from $m$ linear measurements, when the parameter vector $y$ is unknown. Fast numerical recovery methods have been…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2020-11-25 Albert Cohen , Wolfgang Dahmen , Olga Mula , James Nichols

ODE solvers with randomly sampled timestep sizes appear in the context of chaotic dynamical systems, differential equations with low regularity, and, implicitly, in stochastic optimisation. In this work, we propose and study the stochastic…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-08-05 Jonas Latz

The paper studies an improved estimate for the rate of convergence for nonlinear homogeneous discrete-time Markov chains. These processes are nonlinear in terms of the distribution law. Hence, the transition kernels are dependent on the…

Probability · Mathematics 2021-05-21 Aleksandr Shchegolev

Neural Ordinary Differential Equations (ODEs) represent a significant advancement at the intersection of machine learning and dynamical systems, offering a continuous-time analog to discrete neural networks. Despite their promise, deploying…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-06-18 Matteo Caldana , Jan S. Hesthaven

We study the stochastic optimization problem from a continuous-time perspective, with a focus on the Stochastic Gradient Descent with Momentum (SGDM) method. We show that the trajectory of SGDM, despite its \emph{stochastic} nature,…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-07-17 Yasong Feng , Yifan Jiang , Tianyu Wang , Zhiliang Ying

This paper constructs a solvability theory for a system of stochastic partial differential equations. On account of the Kolmogorov continuity theorem, solutions are looked for in certain H\"older-type classes in which a random field is…

Probability · Mathematics 2018-06-18 Kai Du , Jiakun Liu , Fu Zhang

We present a comprehensive discretization scheme for linear and nonlinear stochastic differential equations (SDEs) driven by either Brownian motions or $\alpha$-stable processes. Our approach utilizes compound Poisson particle…

Probability · Mathematics 2023-07-14 Xicheng Zhang

In this paper we study a second-order mean-field stochastic differential systems describing the movement of a particle under the influence of a time-dependent force, a friction, a mean-field interaction and a space and time-dependent…

Probability · Mathematics 2022-10-10 T. C. Son , D. Q. Le , M. H. Duong

A numerical analysis for the fully discrete approximation of an operator Lyapunov equation related to linear SPDEs (stochastic partial differential equations) driven by multiplicative noise is considered. The discretization of the Lyapunov…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2022-05-04 Adam Andersson , Annika Lang , Andreas Petersson , Leander Schroer

We introduce a mild generative variant of the classical neural operator model, which leverages Kolmogorov--Arnold networks to solve infinite families of second-order backward stochastic differential equations ($2$BSDEs) on regular bounded…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Takashi Furuya , Anastasis Kratsios , Dylan Possamaï , Bogdan Raonić

Neural networks are one tool for approximating non-linear differential equations used in scientific computing tasks such as surrogate modeling, real-time predictions, and optimal control. PDE foundation models utilize neural networks to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Elisa Negrini , Yuxuan Liu , Liu Yang , Stanley J. Osher , Hayden Schaeffer

We produce uniform and decaying bounds in time for derivatives of the solution to the backwards Kolmogorov equation associated to a stochastic processes governed by a time dependent dynamics. These hold under assumptions over the…

Probability · Mathematics 2022-07-27 Maria Lefter , David Šiška , Łukasz Szpruch

The stochastic interpolant framework offers a powerful approach for constructing generative models based on ordinary differential equations (ODEs) or stochastic differential equations (SDEs) to transform arbitrary data distributions.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Yuhao Liu , Yu Chen , Rui Hu , Longbo Huang

Stochastic chemical reaction networks (SRNs) in cellular systems are commonly modeled as continuous-time Markov chains (CTMCs) describing the dynamics of molecular copy numbers. The exact evaluation of transient copy number statistics is,…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2026-04-07 Takeyuki Iwasaki , Yutaka Hori

Stochastic interpolants offer a robust framework for continuously transforming samples between arbitrary data distributions, holding significant promise for generative modeling. Despite their potential, rigorous finite-time convergence…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Yuhao Liu , Rui Hu , Yu Chen , Longbo Huang

With the increasing ubiquity of safety-critical autonomous systems operating in uncertain environments, there is a need for mathematical methods for formal verification of stochastic models. Towards formally verifying properties of…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-18 Adrien Banse , Giannis Delimpaltadakis , Luca Laurenti , Manuel Mazo , Raphaël M. Jungers

Hybrid systems whose mode dynamics are governed by non-linear ordinary differential equations (ODEs) are often a natural model for biological processes. However such models are difficult to analyze. To address this, we develop a…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2015-06-23 Benjamin M. Gyori , Bing Liu , Soumya Paul , R. Ramanathan , P. S. Thiagarajan

We view the classical Lindeberg principle in a Markov process setting to establish a probability approximation framework by the associated It\^{o}'s formula and Markov operator. As applications, we study the error bounds of the following…

Probability · Mathematics 2022-06-15 Peng Chen , Qi-Man Shao , Lihu Xu