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Experimental tests of Bell's inequality allow to distinguish quantum mechanics from local hidden variable theories. Such tests are performed by measuring correlations of two entangled particles (e.g. polarization of photons or spins of…

Measurements on entangled quantum systems necessarily yield outcomes that are intrinsically unpredictable if they violate a Bell inequality. This property can be used to generate certified randomness in a device-independent way, i.e.,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-01-31 Stefano Pironio , Serge Massar

Quantum nonlocality is tested for an entangled coherent state, interacting with a dissipative environment. A pure entangled coherent state violates Bell's inequality regardless of its coherent amplitude. The higher the initial nonlocality,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-07 D. Wilson , H. Jeong , M. S. Kim

Detection and quantification of entanglement in quantum resources are two key steps in the implementation of various quantum-information processing tasks. Here, we show that Bell-type inequalities are not only useful in verifying the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-02-28 Yeong-Cherng Liang , Tamas Vertesi , Nicolas Brunner

A correlation inequality is derived from local realism and a supplementary assumption. Unlike Clauser-Horne (CH) inequality [or Clauser-Horne-Shimony-Holt (CHSH) inequality] which is violated by quantum mechanics by a factor of $\sqrt 2$,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 M. Ardehali

In device-independent quantum information processing Bell inequalities are not only used as detectors of nonlocality, but also as certificates of relevant quantum properties. In order for these certificates to work, one very often needs…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-11-06 Remigiusz Augusiak , Alexia Salavrakos , Jordi Tura , Antonio Acín

In Bell scenario, any nonlocal correlation, shared between two spatially separated parties, can be modeled deterministically either by allowing communications between the two parties or by restricting their free will in choosing the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-11-01 Manik Banik

Device independent detections of quantum non-locality like Bell-CHSH inequality are important methods to detect quantum non-locality because the whole protocol can be implemented by uncertified local observables. However, this detection is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-05-17 Hayato Arai , Baichu Yu , Masahito Hayashi

We introduce probability estimation, a broadly applicable framework to certify randomness in a finite sequence of measurement results without assuming that these results are independent and identically distributed. Probability estimation…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-11-30 Yanbao Zhang , Emanuel Knill , Peter Bierhorst

Quantum technologies offer significant advancements in information processing and communication, notably in the domain of random number generation (RNG). The use of Bell inequalities enables users to certify the randomness of outputs…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-01 Robert Okuła , Piotr Mironowicz

Bound entanglement, being entangled yet not distillable, is essential to our understandings of the relations between nonlocality and entanglement besides its applications in certain quantum information tasks. Recently, bound entangled…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-03-22 Sixia Yu , C. H. Oh

Bell's theorem shows that no hidden-variable model can explain the measurement statistics of a quantum system shared between two parties, thus ruling out a classical (local) understanding of nature. In this work we demonstrate that by…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-03-14 Benjamin Morris , Lukas J. Fiderer , Ben Lang , Daniel Goldwater

The CHSH inequality is an inequality used to test locality in quantum theory and is recognized as one of Bell's inequalities. In contrast, the KCBS inequality is employed to test noncontextuality in quantum theory. While certain quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-10 Yuichiro Kitajima

Bell's theorem shows that local measurements on entangled states give rise to correlations incompatible with local hidden variable models. The degree of quantum nonlocality is not maximal though, as there are even more nonlocal theories…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-12-26 Cristhiano Duarte , Samuraí Brito , Barbara Amaral , Rafael Chaves

Nonlocal tests on multi-partite quantum correlations form the basis of protocols that certify randomness in a device-independent (DI) way. Such correlations admit a rich structure, making the task of choosing an appropriate test difficult.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-10 Lewis Wooltorton , Peter Brown , Roger Colbeck

In an entanglement swapping scenario, if two sources sharing entangled states between three parties are independent, local correlations lead to a different kind of inequalities than the standard Bell inequalities, known as network local…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-11-23 Pritam Halder , Ratul Banerjee , Shiladitya Mal , Aditi Sen De

Current methods of preparing maximally entangled states in the laboratory need an extremely accurate control of interaction times, requiring sophisticated experimental techniques. Here, we show that such precise control is not necessary…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-09-08 D. E. Browne , M. B. Plenio

The violation of Bell inequalities where both detection and locality loopholes are closed is crucial for device independent assessments of quantum information. While of technological nature, the simultaneous closing of both loopholes still…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-17 Colin Teo , Jiří Minář , Daniel Cavalcanti , Valerio Scarani

Entanglement and its consequences - in particular the violation of Bell inequalities, which defies our concepts of realism and locality - have been proven to play key roles in Nature by many experiments for various quantum systems.…

Entanglement and Bell nonlocality are known to be inequivalent: there exist entangled states that admit a local hidden-variable model for all local measurements. Here we show that this gap disappears in a minimal broadcast extension of the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-18 Pavel Sekatski , Jef Pauwels
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