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We prove that stochastic gradient descent (SGD) finds a solution that achieves $(1-\epsilon)$ classification accuracy on the entire dataset. We do so under two main assumptions: (1. Local progress) The model accuracy improves on average…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-17 Gregory Schwartzman

Stochastic gradient descent (SGD) and its variants are widely used and highly effective optimization methods in machine learning, especially for neural network training. By using a single datum or a small subset of the data, selected…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-01-21 Bangti Jin , Zeljko Kereta , Yuxin Xia

Stochastic gradient descent (SGD) is a popular algorithm for optimization problems arising in high-dimensional inference tasks. Here one produces an estimator of an unknown parameter from independent samples of data by iteratively…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-06-23 Gerard Ben Arous , Reza Gheissari , Aukosh Jagannath

Recent studies have provided both empirical and theoretical evidence illustrating that heavy tails can emerge in stochastic gradient descent (SGD) in various scenarios. Such heavy tails potentially result in iterates with diverging…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-02-23 Hongjian Wang , Mert Gürbüzbalaban , Lingjiong Zhu , Umut Şimşekli , Murat A. Erdogdu

We study stochastic gradient descent (SGD) and the stochastic heavy ball method (SHB, otherwise known as the momentum method) for the general stochastic approximation problem. For SGD, in the convex and smooth setting, we provide the first…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-08 Othmane Sebbouh , Robert M. Gower , Aaron Defazio

We consider the problem of optimising the expected value of a loss functional over a nonlinear model class of functions, assuming that we have only access to realisations of the gradient of the loss. This is a classical task in statistics,…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-02-02 Robert Gruhlke , Anthony Nouy , Philipp Trunschke

Many sparse linear discriminant analysis (LDA) methods have been proposed to overcome the major problems of the classic LDA in high-dimensional settings. However, the asymptotic optimality results are limited to the case that there are only…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2015-08-06 Ruiyan Luo , Xin Qi

Motivated by broad applications in machine learning, we study the popular accelerated stochastic gradient descent (ASGD) algorithm for solving (possibly nonconvex) optimization problems. We characterize the finite-time performance of this…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-10-20 Thinh T. Doan , Lam M. Nguyen , Nhan H. Pham , Justin Romberg

We address the problem of solving strongly convex and smooth minimization problems using stochastic gradient descent (SGD) algorithm with a constant step size. Previous works suggested to combine the Polyak-Ruppert averaging procedure with…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-08-08 Marina Sheshukova , Denis Belomestny , Alain Durmus , Eric Moulines , Alexey Naumov , Sergey Samsonov

Stochastic gradient descent (\textsc{Sgd}) methods are the most powerful optimization tools in training machine learning and deep learning models. Moreover, acceleration (a.k.a. momentum) methods and diagonal scaling (a.k.a. adaptive…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-10-02 Qi Deng , Yi Cheng , Guanghui Lan

Stochastic Gradient Decent (SGD) is one of the core techniques behind the success of deep neural networks. The gradient provides information on the direction in which a function has the steepest rate of change. The main problem with basic…

The performance of fully synchronized distributed systems has faced a bottleneck due to the big data trend, under which asynchronous distributed systems are becoming a major popularity due to their powerful scalability. In this paper, we…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-10-01 Jayanth Regatti , Gaurav Tendolkar , Yi Zhou , Abhishek Gupta , Yingbin Liang

Deep neural networks have been shown to achieve state-of-the-art performance in several machine learning tasks. Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD) is the preferred optimization algorithm for training these networks and asynchronous SGD…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-04-06 Wei Zhang , Suyog Gupta , Xiangru Lian , Ji Liu

We consider a variant of the stochastic gradient descent (SGD) with a random learning rate and reveal its convergence properties. SGD is a widely used stochastic optimization algorithm in machine learning, especially deep learning. Numerous…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-09-09 Naoki Yoshida , Shogo Nakakita , Masaaki Imaizumi

Large over-parametrized models learned via stochastic gradient descent (SGD) methods have become a key element in modern machine learning. Although SGD methods are very effective in practice, most theoretical analyses of SGD suggest slower…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2018-11-08 Raef Bassily , Mikhail Belkin , Siyuan Ma

Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD) is an out-of-equilibrium algorithm used extensively to train artificial neural networks. However very little is known on to what extent SGD is crucial for to the success of this technology and, in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-19 Persia Jana Kamali , Pierfrancesco Urbani

We revisit the classical problem of finding an approximately stationary point of the average of $n$ smooth and possibly nonconvex functions. The optimal complexity of stochastic first-order methods in terms of the number of gradient…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-07 Alexander Tyurin , Lukang Sun , Konstantin Burlachenko , Peter Richtárik

Deep learning networks are typically trained by Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD) methods that iteratively improve the model parameters by estimating a gradient on a very small fraction of the training data. A major roadblock faced when…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-11 Tao Lin , Lingjing Kong , Sebastian U. Stich , Martin Jaggi

We introduce a streaming framework for analyzing stochastic approximation/optimization problems. This streaming framework is analogous to solving optimization problems using time-varying mini-batches that arrive sequentially. We provide…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-25 Antoine Godichon-Baggioni , Nicklas Werge , Olivier Wintenberger

As one of the most fundamental stochastic optimization algorithms, stochastic gradient descent (SGD) has been intensively developed and extensively applied in machine learning in the past decade. There have been some modified SGD-type…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-28 Ruinan Jin , Yu Xing , Xingkang He