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The problem of determining whether a probabilistic program terminates almost surely (i.e.~with probability one) is undecidable, and actually $\Pi^0_2$-complete. For this reason, a growing literature has explored classes of programs for…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2026-05-01 Ugo Dal Lago , Guido Fiorillo , Paolo Pistone

This paper considers the computational hardness of computing expected outcomes and deciding (universal) (positive) almost-sure termination of probabilistic programs. It is shown that computing lower and upper bounds of expected outcomes is…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2015-06-08 Benjamin Lucien Kaminski , Joost-Pieter Katoen

The problem DFA-Intersection-Nonemptiness asks if a given number of deterministic automata accept a common word. In general, this problem is PSPACE-complete. Here, we investigate this problem for the subclasses of commutative automata and…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2021-08-12 Henning Fernau , Stefan Hoffmann , Michael Wehar

Automata with monitor counters, where the transitions do not depend on counter values, and nested weighted automata are two expressive automata-theoretic frameworks for quantitative properties. For a well-studied and wide class of…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2023-06-22 Krishnendu Chatterjee , Thomas A. Henzinger , Jan Otop

We define a quantum computational model over infinite words, called Measure-Many Quantum B\"uchi Automata (MMQBA), which extends Measure-many Quantum Finite automata (MMQFA) to the infinite word setting with B\"uchi acceptance condition. In…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Abhisek Midya , A Baskar

A notion of alternating timed automata is proposed. It is shown that such automata with only one clock have decidable emptiness problem over finite words. This gives a new class of timed languages which is closed under boolean operations…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Slawomir Lasota , Igor Walukiewicz

We study the satisfiability problem of symbolic finite automata and decompose it into the satisfiability problem of the theory of the input characters and the monadic second-order theory of the indices of accepted words. We use our…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2023-07-04 Rodrigo Raya

We realize constant-space quantum computation by measure-many two-way quantum finite automata and evaluate their language recognition power by analyzing patterns of their exotic behaviors and by exploring their structural properties. In…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2016-06-29 Tomoyuki Yamakami

We systematically investigate the complexity of model checking the existential positive fragment of first-order logic. In particular, for a set of existential positive sentences, we consider model checking where the sentence is restricted…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2015-03-20 Hubie Chen

A fundamental question in logic and verification is the following: for which unary predicates $P_1, \ldots, P_k$ is the monadic second-order theory of $\langle \mathbb{N}; <, P_1, \ldots, P_k \rangle$ decidable? Equivalently, for which…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Valérie Berthé , Toghrul Karimov , Mihir Vahanwala

We study alternating automata with qualitative semantics over infinite binary trees: alternation means that two opposing players construct a decoration of the input tree called a run, and the qualitative semantics says that a run of the…

Unambiguous B\"uchi automata, i.e. B\"uchi automata allowing only one accepting run per word, are a useful restriction of B\"uchi automata that is well-suited for probabilistic model-checking. In this paper we propose a more permissive…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2018-09-26 Christof Löding , Anton Pirogov

We study Parikh automata on finite and infinite words. First we establish some results for Parikh automata on finite words. Following, we present several definitions of Parikh automata on infinite words. We consider the deterministic as…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2025-11-12 Mario Grobler , Leif Sabellek , Sebastian Siebertz

We study the recursion-theoretic complexity of Positive Almost-Sure Termination ($\mathsf{PAST}$) in an imperative programming language with rational variables, bounded nondeterministic choice, and discrete probabilistic choice. A program…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2023-10-30 Rupak Majumdar , V. R. Sathiyanarayana

We show that many classical decision problems about 1-counter omega-languages, context free omega-languages, or infinitary rational relations, are $\Pi_2^1$-complete, hence located at the second level of the analytical hierarchy, and…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2009-08-04 Olivier Finkel

The deterministic membership problem for timed automata asks whether the timed language recognised by a nondeterministic timed automaton can be recognised by a deterministic timed automaton. We show that the problem is decidable when the…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2020-07-21 Lorenzo Clemente , Sławomir Lasota , Radosław Piórkowski

We study the notion of sparseness for regular languages over finite trees and infinite words. A language of trees is called sparse if the relative number of $n$-node trees in the language tends to zero, and a language of infinite words is…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Kord Eickmeyer , Georg Schindling

In this work, we consider the satisfiability problem in a logic that combines word equations over string variables denoting words of unbounded lengths, regular languages to which words belong and Presburger constraints on the length of…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2018-05-24 Quang Loc Le

Given a subset of states $S$ of a deterministic finite automaton and a word $w$, the preimage is the subset of all states mapped to a state in $S$ by the action of $w$. We study three natural problems concerning words giving certain…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2020-09-22 Mikhail V. Berlinkov , Robert Ferens , Marek Szykuła

Register automata are finite automata equipped with a finite set of registers ranging over the domain of some relational structure like $(\mathbb N;=)$ or $(\mathbb Q;<)$. Register automata process words over the domain, and along a run of…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2021-02-17 Wojciech Czerwiński , Antoine Mottet , Karin Quaas