Related papers: The Next Decade of Physics with PHENIX
In central collisions at relativistic heavy ion colliders like the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider RHIC/Brookhaven and the Large Hadron Collider LHC (in its heavy ion mode) at CERN/Geneva, one aims at detecting a new form of hadronic matter…
The last decades of high energy physics revealed, that in ultra-relativistic ion-ion collisions, a strongly interacting quark gluon plasma (sQGP) is created. Varying the collision energy allows for the investigation of the phase diagram of…
At high energies a quark-gluon plasma is expected to be formed in heavy ion collisions at RHIC and LHC. The theoretical description of these processes is directly associated to a complete knowledge of the details of medium effects in the…
Extensive experimental data from high-energy nucleus-nucleus collisions were recorded using the PHENIX detector at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC). The comprehensive set of measurements from the first three years of RHIC…
One of the fundamental goals of the PHENIX experiment is to understand the structure of cold nuclear matter, since this serves as the initial state for heavy-ion collisions. Knowing the initial state is vital for interpreting measurements…
Highlights from Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL) and experiments at the BNL Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) are presented for the years 2011--2013. This review is a combination of lectures which discussed the latest results each…
The RHIC program was intended to identify and study the quark-gluon plasma formed in the collision of heavy nuclei. The discovery of the "perfect liquid" is an essential step towards the understanding of the medium formed in these…
The hot and dense medium created at RHIC, called Quark and Gluon Plasma (QGP) has been a hot topic in the last ten years. Due to the high multiplicities in such heavy-ion collision events, particle correlations using either trigger…
Early November 2010, the LHC collided for the first time heavy ions, Pb on Pb, at a centre-of-mass energy of 2.76 TeV/nucleon. This date marked both the end of almost 20 years of preparing for nuclear collisions at the LHC, as well as the…
Much of the present experimental effort at RHIC is now directed towards understanding the properties of the hot and dense colored medium created in A+A collisions. Recent results from PHENIX on the dynamical evolution of the medium and its…
Collisions of heavy nuclei at very high energies offer the exciting possibility of experimentally exploring the phase transformation from hadronic to partonic degrees of freedom which is predicted to occur at several times normal nuclear…
The lecture is a brief review of the following topics: (i) collective flow phenomena in heavy ion collisions. The data from RHIC indicate robust collective flows, well described by hydrodynamics with expected Equation of State. The…
The medium-modifications of processes characterized by the presence of a hard scale provide the most diverse tools to characterize the properties of the matter created in high-energy nuclear collisions. Indeed, jet quenching, the…
The physics goals that will be addressed by colliding polarized protons at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) are described. The RHIC spin program provides a new generation of experiments that will unfold the quark, anti-quark and…
In the first part, I give a brief description of the quark-gluon plasma search at CERN and of some experimental results. In the second part, I review a dynamical model of nucleus-nucleus interactions and propose a physical interpretation of…
This contribution highlights recent results from the PHENIX Collaboration at RHIC. It covers global variables, flow and 2--particle correlations. A second contribution in this issue, by T.C.Awes, covers PHENIX results on heavy quarks,…
PHENIX has performed an extensive study on the evolution of medium effects from small to large systems. PHENIX has continued searching for Quark-Gluon Plasma (QGP) in small systems by measuring collectivity, modification of light hadron and…
When heavy ions with high energy collide, a hot and dense matter is produced. As the matter expands, the matter undergoes cross-over phase transition from partonic matter to hadronic matter. Jets are created by high pT partons in the early…
Quarks and gluons are the fundamental constituents of nucleons. Their interactions rather than their mass, is responsible for $99\%$ of the mass of all visible matter in the universe. Measuring the fundamental properties of matter has had a…
There are compelling physics questions to be addressed by a new comprehensive detector at a future, high-luminosity RHIC II collider. These form the basis for this Expression of Interest. What precisely are the properties of the…