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The proliferation of spectroscopic data across various scientific and engineering fields necessitates automated processing. We introduce OASIS (Omni-purpose Analysis of Spectra via Intelligent Systems), a machine learning (ML) framework for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Chris Young , Juejing Liu , Marie L. Mortensen , Yifu Feng , Elizabeth Li , Zheming Wang , Xiaofeng Guo , Kevin M. Rosso , Xin Zhang

High-resolution spectroscopy in soft X-rays ($<2$ keV) requires diffractive elements to resolve any astrophysically relevant diagnostics, such as closely spaced lines, weak absorption lines, or line profiles. The Rowland torus geometry…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2024-08-21 Hans Moritz Günther , Casey T. DeRoo , Ralf K. Heilmann , Edward Hertz

We describe techniques concerning wavelength calibration and sky subtraction to maximise the scientific utility of data from tunable filter instruments. While we specifically address data from the Optical System for Imaging and low…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2015-10-14 Tim Weinzirl , Alfonso Aragon-Salamanca , Steven P. Bamford , Bruno Rodriguez del Pino , Meghan E. Gray , Ana L. Chies-Santos

Resonant Inelastic X-ray Scattering (RIXS) in the soft x-ray range is an element-specific energy-loss spectroscopy used to probe the electronic and magnetic excitations in strongly correlated solids. In the recent years, RIXS has been…

Analysis of XRD diffraction patterns is one of the keystones of materials science and materials research. With the advancement of data-driven methods for materials design, candidate materials can be quickly screened for the study of a…

Hyperspectral imaging is useful for applications ranging from medical diagnostics to agricultural crop monitoring; however, traditional scanning hyperspectral imagers are prohibitively slow and expensive for widespread adoption. Snapshot…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-09-30 Kristina Monakhova , Kyrollos Yanny , Neerja Aggarwal , Laura Waller

X-ray emission spectroscopy is emerging as an important complement to x-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy, providing a characterization of the occupied electronic density of states local to the species of interest. Here, we present…

KMOS is a multi-object near-infrared integral field spectrometer with 24 deployable cryogenic pick-off arms. Inevitably, data processing is a complex task that requires careful calibration and quality control. In this paper we describe all…

The Arcus Probe mission concept has been submitted as an Astrophysics Probe Explorer candidate. It features two co-aligned high-resolution grating spectrometers: one for the soft x-ray band and one for the far UV. Together, these…

Speckle is an intrinsic pattern in optical coherence tomography (OCT) that obscures fine image features and degrades effective resolution. In this study, we propose a numerical speckle reduction method based on the dispersed scatterer model…

We aim to provide a suite of publicly available spectral data reduction software to facilitate rapid scientific outcomes from time-domain observations. For time resolved observations, an automated pipeline frees astronomers from performance…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2019-12-13 Marco C Lam , Robert J Smith , Iain A Steele

The advent of isolated and intense sub-femtosecond X-ray pulses enables tracking of quantummechanical motion of electrons in molecules and solids. The combination of X-ray spectroscopy and diffraction imaging is a powerful approach to…

In modern-day astronomy, near-infrared, optical, and ultraviolet spectroscopy are indispensable for studying a wide range of phenomena, from measuring black hole masses to analyzing chemical abundances in stellar atmospheres. However,…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2025-07-21 Raniere de Menezes , Francesco Massaro , Michela Negro , Claudia M. Raiteri , Harold Peña-Herazo , Jose A. Acosta-Pulido

The Slicer Combined with Array of Lenslets for Exoplanet Spectroscopy (SCALES) instrument is a lenslet-based integral field spectrograph that will operate at 2 to 5 microns, imaging and characterizing colder (and thus older) planets than…

Cloud occlusion significantly hinders remote sensing applications by obstructing surface information and complicating analysis. To address this, we propose DC4CR (Diffusion Control for Cloud Removal), a novel multimodal diffusion-based…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-23 Zhenyu Yu , Mohd Yamani Idna Idris , Pei Wang

High-resolution spectroscopy has proven to be a powerful avenue for atmospheric remote sensing of exoplanets. Recently, ESO commissioned the CRIRES+ high-resolution infrared spectrograph at VLT. CRIRES+ is a cross-dispersed spectrograph…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2022-08-26 Måns Holmberg , Nikku Madhusudhan

Monocular depth estimation is a fundamental yet challenging task in computer vision, especially under complex conditions such as textureless surfaces, transparency, and specular reflections. Recent diffusion-based approaches have…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Rongjia Yu , Tong Jia , Hao Wang , Xiaofang Li , Xiao Yang , Zinuo Zhang , Cuiwei Liu

In this paper, we introduce Cirrus, a new long-range bi-pattern LiDAR public dataset for autonomous driving tasks such as 3D object detection, critical to highway driving and timely decision making. Our platform is equipped with a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-12-08 Ze Wang , Sihao Ding , Ying Li , Jonas Fenn , Sohini Roychowdhury , Andreas Wallin , Lane Martin , Scott Ryvola , Guillermo Sapiro , Qiang Qiu

Diffuse direct time-of-flight LiDARs report per-pixel depth histograms formed by aggregating photon returns over a wide instantaneous field of view, violating the single-ray assumption behind standard LiDAR-RGB calibration. We present a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-09 Nikhil Behari , Ramesh Raskar

In the first part of the paper, a CAOS line camera is introduced for spectral imaging of one dimensional (1-D) or line targets. The proposed spectral camera uses both a diffraction grating as well as a cylindrical lens optics system to…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-04-07 Mohsin A. Mazhar , Nabeel A. Riza