Related papers: Nonequilibrium effects in DNA microarrays: a multi…
We separate double stranded lambda phage DNA by applying a fixed force at a constant temperature ranging from 15C to 50C, and measure the minimum force required to separate the two strands, providing the first experimental determination of…
We investigate non-equilibrium phase coexistence associated with a first-order phase transition by numerically studying a one-dimensional Hamiltonian-Potts model with fractional spatial derivatives. The fractional derivative is introduced…
Strand displacement and tile assembly systems are designed to follow prescribed kinetic rules (i.e., exhibit a specific time-evolution). However, the expected behavior in the limit of infinite time--known as thermodynamic equilibrium--is…
The features for the unsteady process of thermal equilibration ("the fast motions") in a one-dimensional harmonic crystal lying in a viscous environment (e.g., a gas) are under investigation. It is assumed that initially the displacements…
We present a first-principles molecular dynamics study of an excess electron in condensed phase models of solvated DNA bases. Calculations on increasingly large microsolvated clusters taken from liquid phase simulations show that adiabatic…
A mesoscopic model for heterogeneous DNA denaturation is developed in the framework of the path integral formalism. The base pair stretchings are treated as one-dimensional, time dependent paths contributing to the partition function. The…
X-ray observations of shock-heated plasmas, such as those found in supernova remnants, often exhibit features of temperature and ionization non-equilibrium. For accurate interpretation of these observations, proper calculations of the…
Chemical disequilibrium quantified via available free energy has previously been proposed as a potential biosignature. However, exoplanet biosignature remote sensing work has not yet investigated how observational uncertainties impact the…
Extreme electron-ion non-equilibrium states, generated by ultrafast laser excitation, lead to melting processes that are fundamentally different from those under conventional thermal equilibrium and remain not fully understood. Through…
We develop a detailed theory describing a non-trivial interplay between non-equilibrium effects and long-range quantum coherence in superconducting hybrid nanostructures exposed to a temperature gradient. We establish a direct relation…
Characteristic properties of secondary electrons emitted from irradiated two-dimensional materials arise from multi-length and time-scale relaxation processes that connect the initial non-equilibrium excited electron distribution with their…
In the recent work Fletcher et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett., v.99, p.145001 (2007)] reported on the novel experimental technique, enabling to measure the temperature of the expanding ultracold plasmas over a considerable time interval (up to 60-70…
Understanding how statistical equilibrium can occur in out-of-equilibrium systems is of paramount interest, as it would enable the use of statistical mechanics tools to these systems. Here, we report the first experimental evidence of…
DNA microarrays are a relatively new technology that can simultaneously measure the expression level of thousands of genes. They have become an important tool for a wide variety of biological experiments. One of the most common goals of DNA…
DNA microarray experiments, a well-established experimental technique, aim at understanding the function of genes in some biological processes. One of the most common experiments in functional genomics research is to compare two groups of…
Nonequilibrium (time-dependent) cooling rates and ionization state calculations are presented for low-density gas enriched with heavy elements (metals) and photoionized by external ultraviolet/X-ray radiation. We consider a wide range of…
The approach of nonequilibrium evolution thermodynamics earlier offered is developed. It helps to describe the processes of defect formation within the adiabatic approximation. The basic equations system depends on the initial defects…
Ergodic many-body systems are expected to reach quasi-thermal equilibrium. Here we demonstrate that, surprisingly, high-energy electrons, which are injected into a quantum Hall edge mode with finite range interactions, stabilize at a…
A central endeavor of thermodynamics is the measurement of free energy changes. Regrettably, although we can measure the free energy of a system in thermodynamic equilibrium, typically all we can say about the free energy of a…
We present a theoretical study of the ultrafast electron dynamics in transition metals using ultrashort pulsed laser beams. The significant influence of the contribution of the dynamics of produced nonthermal electrons to electron…