Related papers: Sets Have Simple Members
By studying the commuting graphs of conjugacy classes of the sequence of Heisenberg groups $H_{2n+1}(p)$ and their limit $H_\infty(p)$ we find pseudo-random behavior (and the random graph in the limiting case). This makes a nice case study…
We present and study new definitions of universal and programmable universal unary functions and consider a new simplicity criterion: almost decidability of the halting set. A set of positive integers S is almost decidable if there exists a…
In this paper we determine the number and typical structure of sets of integers with bounded doubling. In particular, improving recent results of Green and Morris, and of Mazur, we show that the following holds for every fixed $\lambda > 2$…
We outline a general algorithm for verifying whether a subset of the integers is a more sum than differences (MSTD) set, also known as sum dominated sets, and give estimates on its computational complexity. We conclude with some numerical…
We study the component structure of the random graph $G=G_{n,m,d}$. Here $d=O(1)$ and $G$ is sampled uniformly from ${\mathcal G}_{n,m,d}$, the set of graphs with vertex set $[n]$, $m$ edges and maximum degree at most $d$. If $m=\mu n/2$…
Shannon information (SI) and its special case, divergence, are defined for a DNA sequence in terms of probabilities of chemical words in the sequence and are computed for a set of complete genomes highly diverse in length and composition.…
In this paper, we study for the first time the Diverse Longest Common Subsequences (LCSs) problem under Hamming distance. Given a set of a constant number of input strings, the problem asks to decide if there exists some subset $\mathcal X$…
We provide a computational complexity lens to understand the power of machine learning models, particularly their ability to model complex systems. Machine learning models are often trained on data drawn from sampleable or more complex…
The happy function $H: \mathbb{N} \rightarrow \mathbb{N}$ sends a positive integer to the sum of the squares of its digits. A number $x$ is said to be happy if the sequence $\{H^n(x)\}^\infty_{n=1}$ eventually reaches one. A basic open…
Suppose some classifiers are selected from a set of hypothesis classifiers to form an equally-weighted ensemble that selects a member classifier at random for each input example. Then the ensemble has an error bound consisting of the…
Let $D$ be a dictionary in a Hilbert space $H$, that is, a set of unit elements whose linear combinations are dense in $H$. We consider the least $m$-term deviation $\sigma_m(x)$ of an element $x\in H$: this is the distance of $x$ from the…
The momentum spectrum of a periodic network (quantum graph) has a band-gap structure. We investigate the relative density of the bands or, equivalently, the probability that a randomly chosen momentum belongs to the spectrum of the periodic…
Be d_{m,n} a generic element in the infinite matrix D, with d_{1, n} defined as the n-th prime number and, for any m>1, d_{m, n} = | d_{m-1, n} - d_{m-1, n+1} | When n>1, after the first few terms the columns in the matrix appear to be…
For a finite set $X$ of $n$ points from $\mathbb{R}^M$, the degree of an $M$-element subset $\{x_1,\dots,x_M\}$ of $X$ is defined as the number of $M$-simplices that can be constructed from this $M$-element subset using an additional point…
We study structure of pure morphic and morphic sequences and prove the following result: the subword complexity of arbitrary morphic sequence is either $\Theta(n^{1+1/k})$ for some $k\in\mathbb N$, or is $O(n \log n)$.
It has been shown that many complex networks shared distinctive features, which differ in many ways from the random and the regular networks. Although these features capture important characteristics of complex networks, their applicability…
We generalize standard credal set models for imprecise probabilities to include higher order credal sets -- confidences about confidences. In doing so, we specify how an agent's higher order confidences (credal sets) update upon observing…
There is no single definition of complexity (Edmonds 1999; Gershenson 2008; Mitchell 2009; De Domenico, et al., 2019), as it acquires different meanings in different contexts. A general notion is the amount of information required to…
We consider the problem of dictionary matching in a stream. Given a set of strings, known as a dictionary, and a stream of characters arriving one at a time, the task is to report each time some string in our dictionary occurs in the…
Consider the random set system of {1,2,...,n}, where each subset in the power set is chosen independently with probability p. A set H is said to be a hitting set if it intersects each chosen set. The second moment method is used to exhibit…