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Related papers: Semi-Loss-Tolerant Strong Coin Flipping Protocol U…

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Coin flipping is a cryptographic primitive in which two distrustful parties wish to generate a random bit in order to choose between two alternatives. This task is impossible to realize when it relies solely on the asynchronous exchange of…

Bit commitment is a fundamental cryptographic primitive with numerous applications. Quantum information allows for bit commitment schemes in the information theoretic setting where no dishonest party can perfectly cheat. The previously…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-02-09 André Chailloux , Iordanis Kerenidis

After a general introduction, the thesis is divided into four parts. In the first, we discuss the task of coin tossing, principally in order to highlight the effect different physical theories have on security in a straightforward manner,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-03-02 Roger Colbeck

This note presents a quantum protocol that demonstrates that_weak_ coin flipping with bias approximately 0.239, less than 1/4, is possible. A bias of 1/4 was the smallest known, and followed from the strong coin flipping protocol of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Iordanis Kerenidis , Ashwin Nayak

There had been well known claims of ``provably unbreakable'' quantum protocols for bit commitment and coin tossing. However, we, and independently Mayers, showed that all proposed quantum bit commitment (and therefore coin tossing) schemes…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-02-03 Hoi-Kwong Lo , H. F. Chau

We describe efficient protocols for quantum oblivious transfer and for one-out-of-two quantum oblivious transfer. These protocols, which can be implemented with present technology, are secure against general attacks as long as the cheater…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-02-03 M. Ardehali

Loss of inputs can be detrimental to the security of quantum position verification (QPV) protocols, as it may allow attackers to not answer on all played rounds, but only on those they perform well on. In this work, we study…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-08-11 Rene Allerstorfer , Harry Buhrman , Florian Speelman , Philip Verduyn Lunel

We propose a coin-flip protocol which yields a string of strong, random coins and is fully simulatable against poly-sized quantum adversaries on both sides. It can be implemented with quantum-computational security without any set-up…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-03-18 Carolin Lunemann , Jesper Buus Nielsen

Oblivious transfer is a fundamental cryptographic primitive in which Bob transfers one of two bits to Alice in such a way that Bob cannot know which of the two bits Alice has learned. We present an optimal security bound for quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-08-31 André Chailloux , Gus Gutoski , Jamie Sikora

Oblivious transfer is a fundamental primitive in cryptography. While perfect information theoretic security is impossible, quantum oblivious transfer protocols can limit the dishonest players' cheating. Finding the optimal security…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-03-24 André Chailloux , Iordanis Kerenidis , Jamie Sikora

Weak coin flipping (WCF) is a fundamental cryptographic primitive for two-party secure computation, where two distrustful parties need to remotely establish a shared random bit whilst having opposite preferred outcomes. It is the strongest…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-01-03 Atul Singh Arora , Jérémie Roland , Chrysoula Vlachou

The noisy-storage model of quantum cryptography allows for information-theoretically secure two-party computation based on the assumption that a cheating user has at most access to an imperfect, noisy quantum memory, whereas the honest…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-09-11 Cosmo Lupo , James T. Peat , Erika Andersson , Pieter Kok

So far, most of existed single-shot quantum coin flipping(QCF) protocols failed in a noisy quantum channel. Here, we present a nested-structured framework that makes it possible to achieve partially noise-tolerant QCF, due to that there is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-08-19 Sheng Zhang , Yuexin Zhang

We study a problem related to coin flipping, coding theory, and noise sensitivity. Consider a source of truly random bits $x \in \bits^n$, and $k$ parties, who have noisy versions of the source bits $y^i \in \bits^n$, where for all $i$ and…

Probability · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Elchanan Mossel , Ryan O'Donnell

In quantum weak oblivious transfer, Alice sends Bob two bits and Bob can learn one of the bits at his choice. It was found that the security of such a protocol is bounded by $2P_{Alice}^{\ast }+P_{Bob}^{\ast }\geq 2$, where $P_{Alice}^{\ast…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-15 Guang Ping He

We focus on a family of quantum coin-flipping protocols based on bit-commitment. We discuss how the semidefinite programming formulations of cheating strategies can be reduced to optimizing a linear combination of fidelity functions over a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-03-22 Ashwin Nayak , Jamie Sikora , Levent Tunçel

Oblivious transfer is a fundamental cryptographic primitive which is useful for secure multiparty computation. There are several variants of oblivious transfer. We consider 1 out of 2 oblivious transfer, where a sender sends two bits of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-12 David Reichmuth , Ittoop Vergheese Puthoor , Petros Wallden , Erika Andersson

Performing complex cryptographic tasks will be an essential element in future quantum communication networks. These tasks are based on a handful of fundamental primitives, such as coin flipping, where two distrustful parties wish to agree…

Random selection, leader election, and collective coin flipping are fundamental tasks in fault-tolerant distributed computing. We study these problems in the full-information model where despite decades of study, key gaps remain in our…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2026-04-30 Eshan Chattopadhyay , Mohit Gurumukhani , Noam Ringach , Rocco A. Servedio

A protocol for quantum bit commitment is proposed. The protocol is feasible with present technology and is secure against cheaters with unlimited computing power as long as the sender does not have the technology to store an EPR particle…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-02-03 M. Ardehali