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In this review we establish various connections between complex networks and symmetry. While special types of symmetries (e.g., automorphisms) are studied in detail within discrete mathematics for particular classes of deterministic graphs,…

General Finance · Quantitative Finance 2010-11-04 Diego Garlaschelli , Franco Ruzzenenti , Riccardo Basosi

Dimensionality is one of the most important properties of complex physical systems. However, only recently this concept has been considered in the context of complex networks. In this paper we further develop the previously introduced…

Physics and Society · Physics 2013-08-19 Filipi Nascimento Silva , Luciano da Fontoura Costa

A network can be analyzed at different topological scales, ranging from single nodes to motifs, communities, up to the complete structure. We propose a novel intermediate-level topological analysis that considers non-overlapping subgraphs…

Computational Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 Lucas Antiqueira , Luciano da Fontoura Costa

Complex networks, which are the abstractions of many real-world systems, present a persistent challenge across disciplines for people to decipher their underlying information. Recently, hyperbolic geometry of latent spaces has gained…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2024-05-28 Kai Zheng , Qilong Feng , Yaohang Li , Qichang Zhao , Jinhui Xu , Jianxin Wang

We interpret the subgraph centrality as the partition function of a network. The entropy, the internal energy and the Helmholtz free energy are defined for networks and molecular graphs on the basis of graph spectral theory. Various…

Physics and Society · Physics 2009-05-27 Ernesto Estrada , Naomichi Hatano

This work describes how the formalization of complex network concepts in terms of discrete mathematics, especially mathematical morphology, allows a series of generalizations and important results ranging from new measurements of the…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2007-09-19 Luciano da Fontoura Costa , Luis Enrique C. da Rocha

Network topology is a fundamental aspect of network science that allows us to gather insights into the complicated relational architectures of the world we inhabit. We provide a first specific study of neighbourhood degree sequences in…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2019-06-11 Keith M. Smith

The statistical mechanical approach to complex networks is the dominant paradigm in describing natural and societal complex systems. The study of network properties, and their implications on dynamical processes, mostly focus on locally…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2013-06-27 Giovanni Petri , Martina Scolamiero , Irene Donato , Francesco Vaccarino

Whether comparing networks to each other or to random expectation, measuring dissimilarity is essential to understanding the complex phenomena under study. However, determining the structural dissimilarity between networks is an ill-defined…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2018-07-26 Leo Torres , Pablo Suarez-Serrato , Tina Eliassi-Rad

A divide-and-conquer based approach for computing the Moore-Penrose pseudo-inverse of the combinatorial Laplacian matrix $(\bb L^+)$ of a simple, undirected graph is proposed. % The nature of the underlying sub-problems is studied in detail…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2013-04-09 Gyan Ranjan , Zhi-Li Zhang , Daniel Boley

We present a new, systematic approach for analyzing network topologies. We first introduce the dK-series of probability distributions specifying all degree correlations within d-sized subgraphs of a given graph G. Increasing values of d…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2008-04-16 Priya Mahadevan , Dmitri Krioukov , Kevin Fall , Amin Vahdat

Random geometric networks consist of 1) a set of nodes embedded randomly in a bounded domain $\mathcal{V} \subseteq \mathbb{R}^d$ and 2) links formed probabilistically according to a function of mutual Euclidean separation. We quantify how…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2016-11-17 Alexander P. Kartun-Giles , Orestis Georgiou , Carl P. Dettmann

The ability to control a complex network towards a desired behavior relies on our understanding of the complex nature of these social and technological networks. The existence of numerous control schemes in a network promotes us to wonder:…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2016-12-01 Xizhe Zhang , Tianyang Lv , Yuanyuan Pu

Degree heterogeneity and latent geometry, also referred to as popularity and similarity, are key explanatory components underlying the structure of real-world networks. The relationship between these components and the statistical…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2024-09-18 Keith Malcolm Smith , Jason P. Smith

Revealing the structural features of a complex system from the observed collective dynamics is a fundamental problem in network science. In order to compute the various topological descriptors commonly used to characterize the structure of…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2021-02-16 Sebastian Raimondo , Manlio De Domenico

We consider a network topology design problem in which an initial undirected graph underlying the network is given and the objective is to select a set of edges to add to the graph to optimize the coherence of the resulting network. We show…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2014-11-19 Tyler Summers , Iman Shames , John Lygeros , Florian Dörfler

This paper leverages linear systems theory to propose a principled measure of complexity for network systems. We focus on a network of first-order scalar linear systems interconnected through a directed graph. By locally filtering out the…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-10 Giacomo Baggio , Marco Fabris

Most complex systems can be captured by graphs or networks. Networks connect nodes (e.g.\ neurons) through edges (synapses), thus summarizing the system's structure. A popular way of interrogating graphs is community detection, which…

Physics and Society · Physics 2024-09-23 Luis F Seoane

Spatial networks are networks whose graph topology is constrained by their embedded spatial space. Understanding the coupled spatial-graph properties is crucial for extracting powerful representations from spatial networks. Therefore,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-11 Zheng Zhang , Sirui Li , Jingcheng Zhou , Junxiang Wang , Abhinav Angirekula , Allen Zhang , Liang Zhao

Classic measures of graph centrality capture distinct aspects of node importance, from the local (e.g., degree) to the global (e.g., closeness). Here we exploit the connection between diffusion and geometry to introduce a multiscale…

Physics and Society · Physics 2020-07-29 Alexis Arnaudon , Robert L. Peach , Mauricio Barahona