Related papers: Hierarchies in Nucleation Transitions
Boltzmann's entropy is slightly modified to make it suitable for discussing phase transitions in finite systems. As an example it is shown that the pendulum undergoes a second order phase transition when passing from a vibrational to a…
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A system of a metastable phase with several sorts of heterogeneous centers is considered. An analytical theory for the process of decay in such a system has been constructed. The free energy of formation of a critical embryo is assumed to…
Highly-excited single-particle states in nuclei are coupled with the excitations of a more complex character, first of all with collective phonon-like modes of the core. In the framework of the quasiparticle-phonon model we consider the…
Given a thermodynamic process which carries a system from one equilibrium state to another, we construct a quantity whose average, over an ensemble of microscopic realizations of the process, depends only on these end states, even if at…
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Nucleation, commonly associated with discontinuous transformations between metastable and stable phases, is crucial in fields as diverse as atmospheric science and nanoscale electronics. Traditionally, it is considered a microscopic process…
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We distinguish a mechanical representation of the world in terms of point masses with positions and momenta and the chemical representation of the world in terms of populations of different individuals, each with intrinsic stochasticity,…
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In statistical physics, phase transitions are arguably among the most extensively studied phenomena. In the computational approach to this field, the development of algorithms capable of estimating entropy across the entire energy spectrum…
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We develop a geometric theory of phase transitions (PTs) for Hamiltonian systems in the microcanonical ensemble. This theory allows to reformulate Bachmann's classification of PTs for finite-size systems in terms of geometric properties of…
The physical meaning of entropy is analyzed in the context of statistical, nuclear, atomic physics and cosmology. Only the microcanonical Boltzmann entropy leads to no contradictions in several simple, elementary and for thermodynamics…
A first order phase transition is found in a model which was introduced originally by Murthy and Shankar [Phys. Rev. B 60, 6517 (1999)] to describe systems of generalised exclusion statistics. I characterise the phase transition in the…
Solutions of hydrodynamical equations are presented for an equation of state allowing for a first-order phase transition. The numerical analysis is supplemented by analytical treatment provided the system is close to the critical point. The…
We study a quantum phase transition between a phase which is topologically ordered and one which is not. We focus on a spin model, an extension of the toric code, for which we obtain the exact ground state for all values of the coupling…
We use a simplified model which is based on the same physics as inherent in most statistical models for nuclear multifragmentation. The simplified model allows exact calculations for thermodynamic properties of systems of large number of…
The paper examines and critiques the expression of entropy as the logarithm of the number of quantum states of a physical system. Boltzmann method of expressing entropy as the logarithm of the number of states of a gas with a given total…