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Beyond-planarity focuses on the study of geometric and topological graphs that are in some sense nearly-planar. Here, planarity is relaxed by allowing edge crossings, but only with respect to some local forbidden crossing configurations.…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2017-12-29 Patrizio Angelini , Michael A. Bekos , Michael Kaufmann , Maximilian Pfister , Torsten Ueckerdt

A large driver of the complexity of graph learning is the interplay between structure and features. When analyzing the expressivity of graph neural networks, however, existing approaches ignore features in favor of structure, making it…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-04 Martin Carrasco , Olga Zaghen , Kavir Sumaraj , Erik Bekkers , Bastian Rieck

In the paper Planarity and Hyperbolicity in Graphs, the authors present the following conjecture: every tessellation of the Euclidean plane with convex tiles induces a non-hyperbolic graph. It is natural to think that this statement holds…

Metric Geometry · Mathematics 2020-01-23 Walter Carballosa

A graph $G$ covers a graph $H$ if there exists a locally bijective homomorphism from $G$ to $H$. We deal with regular covers where this homomorphism is prescribed by the action of a semiregular subgroup of $\textrm{Aut}(G)$. We study…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2017-01-31 Jiří Fiala , Pavel Klavík , Jan Kratochvíl , Roman Nedela

A \emph{signed graph} $(G, \sigma)$ is a graph $G$ together with an assignment $\sigma:E(G) \rightarrow \{+,-\}$. The notion of homomorphisms of signed graphs is a relatively new development which allows to strengthen the connection between…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-09-25 Florent Foucaud , Reza Naserasr , Rongxing Xu

We prove that if a unimodular random graph is almost surely planar and has finite expected degree, then it has a combinatorial embedding into the plane which is also unimodular. This implies the claim in the title immediately by a theorem…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-02-14 Adam Timar

A plane graph is called a rectangular graph if each of its edges can be oriented either horizontally or vertically, each of its interior regions is a four-sided region and all interior regions can be fitted in a rectangular enclosure. Only…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-02-11 Vinod Kumar , Krishnendra Shekhawat

A graph covering projection, also referred to as a locally bijective homomorphism, is a mapping between the vertices and edges of two graphs that preserves incidences and is a local bijection. This concept originates in topological graph…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2025-07-02 Jan Bok , Jiří Fiala , Nikola Jedličková , Jan Kratochvíl

In the present paper, we proceed the study of framed $4$-graph minor theory initiated in ``Framed $4$-valent Graph Minor Theory I. Intoduction. Planarity Criterion '' and justify the planarity theorem for arbitrary framed 4-graphs; besides,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2014-03-10 Vassily Olegovich Manturov

We systematically study a natural problem in extremal graph theory, to minimize the number of edges in a graph with a fixed number of vertices, subject to a certain local condition: each vertex must be in a copy of a fixed graph $H$. We…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-06-24 Debsoumya Chakraborti , Po-Shen Loh

We wish to draw attention to an interesting and promising interaction of two theories. On the one hand, it is the theory of \textbf{pseudo-triangulations} which was useful for implicit solution of thecarpenter's rule problem and proved…

Metric Geometry · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Gaiane Panina

The problem of node-similarity in networks has motivated a plethora of such measures between node-pairs, which make use of the underlying graph structure. However, higher-order relations cannot be losslessly captured by mere graphs and…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2021-11-02 Govind Sharma , Paarth Gupta , M. Narasihma Murty

We prove that the ordered configuration spaces of planar graphs have the highest possible topological complexity generically, as predicted by a conjecture of Farber. Our argument establishes the same generic maximality for all higher…

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2021-08-03 Ben Knudsen

We investigate straight-line drawings of topological graphs that consist of a planar graph plus one edge, also called almost-planar graphs. We present a characterization of such graphs that admit a straight-line drawing. The…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2015-07-01 Peter Eades , Seok-Hee Hong , Giuseppe Liotta , Naoki Katoh , Sheung-Hung Poon

Whitney proved that 3-connected planar graphs admit a unique embedding on the sphere. In contrast, Enami investigated embeddings of 3-connected cubic planar graphs on non-spherical surfaces with non-negative Euler characteristic. He…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-05-25 Meike Weiß , Alice C. Niemeyer

Graph neural networks are prominent models for representation learning over graphs, where the idea is to iteratively compute representations of nodes of an input graph through a series of transformations in such a way that the learned graph…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-26 Radoslav Dimitrov , Zeyang Zhao , Ralph Abboud , İsmail İlkan Ceylan

Finding structural similarities in graph data, like social networks, is a far-ranging task in data mining and knowledge discovery. A (conceptually) simple reduction would be to compute the automorphism group of a graph. However, this…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2020-02-28 Stephan Doerfel , Tom Hanika , Gerd Stumme

Inspired by previous work of Diaz, Petit, Serna, and Trevisan (Approximating layout problems on random graphs Discrete Mathematics, 235, 2001, 245--253), we show that several well-known graph layout problems are approximable to within a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-10-31 Kevin K. H. Cheung , Patrick D. Girardet

The task of finding an extension to a given partial drawing of a graph while adhering to constraints on the representation has been extensively studied in the literature, with well-known results providing efficient algorithms for…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2023-02-21 Sujoy Bhore , Robert Ganian , Liana Khazaliya , Fabrizio Montecchiani , Martin Nöllenburg

The notion of graph cover, also known as locally bijective homomorphism, is a discretization of covering spaces known from general topology. It is a pair of incidence-preserving vertex- and edge-mappings between two graphs, the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-04-25 Jan Kratochvil , Roman Nedela