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We propose a diagnostic tool for future analyses of stochastic gravitational wave background signals of extra-galactic origin in LISA data. Next-generation gravitational wave detectors hold the capability to track unresolved gravitational…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-01-29 Lavinia Heisenberg , Henri Inchauspé , David Maibach

Cosmic microwave background anisotropies provide a vast amount of information on both structure formation in the universe and the background dynamics and geometry. The full physical content and detailed structure of anisotropies can be…

Astrophysics · Physics 2018-01-29 Wayne Hu , Naoshi Sugiyama , Joseph Silk

Convincing evidence of a stochastic gravitational wave (GW) background has been found by the NANOGrav Collaboration in the 15-year data set. From this signal, we can evaluate the possibility of its source being from the early Universe…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-08-30 Chris Choi , Jacob Magallanes , Murman Gurgenidze , Tina Kahniashvili

The mean spectrum and burst statistics of gravitational waves produced by a cosmological population of cosmic string loops are estimated using analytic approximations, calibrated with earlier simulations. Formulas are derived showing the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-11 Craig J. Hogan

A stochastic gravitational wave background (SGWB), created by the superposition of signals from unresolved astrophysical sources, may be detected in the next few years. Estimating the variation of intensity across the sky can, therefore,…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-04-29 Jishnu Suresh , Anirban Ain , Sanjit Mitra

We consider an anisotropic search for the stochastic gravitational-wave (GW) background by decomposing the gravitational-wave sky into its spherical harmonics components. Previous analyses have used the diffraction limit to define the…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2022-07-20 Erik Floden , Vuk Mandic , Andrew Matas , Leo Tsukada

Several mechanisms exist for generating a stochastic background of gravitational waves in the period following inflation. These mechanisms are generally classical in nature, with the gravitational waves being produced from inhomogeneities…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 Larry R. Price , Xavier Siemens

String cosmology models predict a stochastic cosmic background of gravitational waves with a characteristic spectrum. I describe the background, present astrophysical and cosmological bounds on it, and outline how it may be possible to…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 Ram Brustein

A stochastic background of primordial gravitational waves may substantially contribute, via the Sachs--Wolfe effect, to the large--scale Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) anisotropies recently detected by COBE. This implies a {\it bias} in…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2011-07-19 F. Lucchin , S. Matarrese , S. Mollerach

The measurement of gravitational waves produced by binary black-hole mergers at the Advanced LIGO has encouraged extensive studies on the stochastic gravitational wave background. Recent studies have focused on gravitational wave sources…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2022-02-18 Wenfeng Cui , Fei Huang , Jing Shu , Yue Zhao

A stochastic background of gravitational waves is expected to arise from a superposition of a large number of unresolved gravitational-wave sources of astrophysical and cosmological origin. It is expected to carry unique signatures from the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2012-08-27 The LIGO Scientific Collaboration , the Virgo Collaboration

We derive a general procedure for calculating the gravitational wave background (GWB) from cosmic string loops whose typical shape evolves over time, as in gravitational backreaction. Using the results of a large-scale study of numerical…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-03-26 Jeremy M. Wachter , Ken D. Olum , Jose J. Blanco-Pillado

Gravitational wave observations provide unique opportunities to search for cosmic strings. One of the strongest sources of gravitational waves is discontinuities of cosmic strings, called kinks, which are generated at points of…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2016-11-09 Yuka Matsui , Koichiro Horiguchi , Daisuke Nitta , Sachiko Kuroyanagi

Pulsar timing arrays have found evidence for a low-frequency gravitational wave background (GWB). Assuming the GWB is produced by supermassive black hole binaries (SMBHBs), the next gravitational wave (GW) signals astronomers anticipate are…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2024-04-24 Emiko C. Gardiner , Luke Zoltan Kelley , Anna-Malin Lemke , Andrea Mitridate

With the increasing sensitivities of the gravitational wave (GW) detectors and more detectors joining the international network, the chances of detection of a stochastic GW background (SGWB) are progressively increasing. Different…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-07-06 Jishnu Suresh , Deepali Agarwal , Sanjit Mitra

Characterizing the physical properties of the stochastic gravitational waves background (SGWB) is a key step towards identifying the nature of its possible origin. We focus our analysis on SGWB anisotropies. The existence of a non-trivial…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2021-09-14 Peter Adshead , Niayesh Afshordi , Emanuela Dimastrogiovanni , Matteo Fasiello , Eugene A. Lim , Gianmassimo Tasinato

Cosmological phase transitions in the primordial universe can produce anisotropic stochastic gravitational wave backgrounds (GWB), similar to the cosmic microwave background (CMB). For adiabatic perturbations, the fluctuations in GWB follow…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2021-12-01 Soubhik Kumar , Raman Sundrum , Yuhsin Tsai

We investigate the impact of statistical inhomogeneity and anisotropy in primordial scalar perturbations on the scalar-induced gravitational waves (SIGW). Assuming inflationary quantum fluctuations originate from a coherent state, the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2026-01-08 Dipayan Mukherjee , H. V. Ragavendra , Shiv K. Sethi

The superposition of many astrophysical gravitational wave (GW) signals below typical detection thresholds baths detectors in a stochastic gravitational wave background (SGWB). In this work, we present a Fourier space approach to compute…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-11-18 Yonadav Barry Ginat , Robert Reischke , Ivan Rapoport , Vincent Desjacques

In the milli-Hertz frequency band, stochastic gravitational-wave background can be composed of both astronomical and cosmological sources, both can be anisotropic. Numerically depicting these anisotropies can be critical in revealing the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-09-18 Zhi-Yuan Li , Zheng-Cheng Liang , En-Kun Li , Jian-dong Zhang , Yi-Ming Hu