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A theoretical framework of quantum no-key (QNK) protocol has been presented. As its applications, we develop three kinds of QNK protocols: the practical QNK protocols, the QNK protocol based on quantum perfect encryption, and the QNK…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-12-06 Li Yang , Min Liang , Bao Li , Lei Hu , Ling-An Wu

Semiquantum key distribution allows a quantum party to share a random key with a "classical" party who only can prepare and measure qubits in the computational basis or reorder some qubits when he has access to a quantum channel. In this…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-02-16 Qin Li , Wai Hong Chan , Shengyu Zhang

Device-independent quantum key distribution is the task of using uncharacterized quantum devices to establish a shared key between two users. If a protocol is secure regardless of the device behaviour, it can be used to generate a shared…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-01-01 Jonathan Barrett , Roger Colbeck , Adrian Kent

We present a simple method to obtain an upper bound on the achievable secret key rate in quantum key distribution (QKD) protocols that use only unidirectional classical communication during the public-discussion phase. This method is based…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 Tobias Moroder , Marcos Curty , Norbert Lütkenhaus

It is designed a new quantum cryptography protocol that generates various secret and secure keys of the same size of the transmitted qubits, implying zero information losses between the interlocutors. Besides, generates key swapping between…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-11-13 Eduin H Serna

We present a quantum no-key protocol for direct and secure transmission of quantum and classical messages based on simple Boolean function computation with several quantum gates and Shamir's interactive idea of classical message encryption.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Li Yang

We introduce a quantum key distribution protocol designed to expose fake users that connect to Alice or Bob for the purpose of monopolising the link and denying service. It inherently resists attempts to exhaust Alice and Bob's initial…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-11-15 Alasdair B. Price , John G. Rarity , Chris Erven

A quantum key distribution protocol with classical Bob based on polarization entangled photon pairs is presented. It approximates a single photon and exploited the inherent randomness of quantum measurements to attain highly secure keys and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-06-23 Zhiwei Sun , Ruigang Du , Dongyang Long

In the last decades, Quantum Cryptography has become one of the most important branches of Quantum Communications with a particular projection over the future Quantum Internet. It is precisely in Quantum Cryptography where two techniques…

General Physics · Physics 2021-02-16 Mario Mastriani

Quantum key distribution (QKD) provides secure keys resistant to code-breaking quantum computers. As headed towards commercial application, it is crucial to guarantee the practical security of QKD systems. However, the difficulty of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-05-14 Zhengyu Li , Yi-Chen Zhang , Hong Guo

During the last 20 years, the advance of communication technologies has generated multiple exciting applications. However, classical cryptography, commonly adopted to secure current communication systems, can be jeopardized by the advent of…

Secure communication protocols are becoming increasingly important, e.g. for internet-based communication. Quantum key distribution allows two parties, commonly called Alice and Bob, to generate a secret sequence of 0s and 1s called a key…

Physics Education · Physics 2017-04-05 Antje Kohnle , Aluna Rizzoli

We present two new schemes for quantum key distribution (QKD) that neither require entanglement nor an ideal single-photon source, making them implementable with commercially available single-photon sources. These protocols are shown to be…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-05-13 Arindam Dutta , Anirban Pathak

Quantum teleportation allows one to transmit an arbitrary qubit from point A to point B using a pair of (pre-shared) entangled qubits and classical bits of information. The conventional protocol for teleportation uses two bits of classical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-02-17 Abhishek Parakh

The coherent one-way (COW) quantum key distribution (QKD) is a highly practical quantum communication protocol that is currently deployed in off-the-shelves products. However, despite its simplicity and widespread use, the security of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-12-26 Emilien Lavie , Charles C. -W. Lim

We propose a way to retrieve the secure key generated by the coherent one way protocol without reading the information transmitted on the quantum channel.

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-04-02 Michail Stoilov

Quantum Key Exchange (QKE, also known as Quantum Key Distribution or QKD) allows communicating parties to securely establish cryptographic keys. It is a well-established fact that all QKE protocols require that the parties have access to an…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-08-11 Kenneth G. Paterson , Fred Piper , Ruediger Schack

The oblivious transfer primitive is sufficient to implement secure multiparty computation. However, secure multiparty computation based only on classical cryptography is severely limited by the security and efficiency of the oblivious…

This study proposes a new lightweight quantum key distribution (LQKD) protocol based on the four-particle cluster state within a quantum-restricted environment. The protocol enables a quantum-capable user to simultaneously establish two…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-16 Mustapha Anis Younes , Sofia Zebboudj , Abdelhakim Gharbi

In a two-way deterministic quantum key distribution (DQKD) protocol, Bob randomly prepares qubits in one of four states and sends them to Alice. To encode a bit, Alice performs an operation on each received qubit and returns it to Bob. Bob…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-12-11 Hua Lu , Chi-Hang Fred Fung , Qing-yu Cai