Related papers: Identity Method for Particle Number Fluctuations a…
Heterogeneity is a dominant factor in the behaviour of many biological processes. Despite this, it is common for mathematical and statistical analyses to ignore biological heterogeneity as a source of variability in experimental data.…
The event-to-event fluctuations of hadron multiplicities are studied for a quark system undergoing second-order phase transition to hadrons. Emphasis is placed on the search for an observable signature that is realistic for heavy-ion…
Two twin beams with a shared signal beam and separated idler beams are used together with the photon-number-resolving postselection in the signal beam to arrive at two coupled beams with anticorrelations in photon-number fluctuations.…
We prove an uncertainty relation for energy and arrival time, where the arrival of a particle at a detector is modeled by an absorbing term added to the Hamiltonian. In this well-known scheme the probability for the particle's arrival at…
The distortion on the intermittency signal, due to detection efficiency and to the presence of pre--equilibrium emitted particles, is studied in a schematic model of nuclear multi- fragmentation. The source of the intermittency signal is…
Event-by-event hydrodynamics, with fluctuating initial conditions, has shown to nicely reproduce several features of experimentally observed quantities in high-energy nuclear collisions. Here we discuss how it may help to understand, in a…
The analysis of the statistical and dynamical fluctuations in nucleus-nucleus collisions on an event-by-event basis strongly relies on a comparison with specially constructed artificial events where statistical fluctuations and kinematical…
One important problem in plasma physics is the lack of an accurate and complete description of Coulomb collisions in associated fluid models. To shed light on the problem, this Letter introduces an integral identity involving the…
Particle distinguishability is a significant challenge for quantum technologies, in particular photonics where the Hong-Ou-Mandel (HOM) effect clearly demonstrates it is detrimental to quantum interference. We take a representation…
In high-energy particle collisions, the reconstruction of secondary vertices from heavy-flavour hadron decays is crucial for identifying and studying jets initiated by $b$- or $c$-quarks. Traditional methods, while effective, require…
We introduce a new framework for characterizing identified sets of structural and counterfactual parameters in econometric models. By reformulating the identification problem as a set membership question, we leverage the separating…
Event-by-event particle ratio fluctuations for simulated data sets of three different models named UrQMD, AMPT, and Pythia are studied using the fluctuation variable $\nu_{dyn}$. The simulated data sets produced in $pp$ collisions at four…
Present atomic theory provides accurate and reliable results for atoms with a small number of valence electrons. However, most current methods of calculations fail when the number of valence electrons exceeds four or five. This means that…
The experimental detection of multipartite entanglement usually requires a number of appropriately chosen local quantum measurements which are aligned with respect to a previously shared common reference frame. The latter, however, can be a…
We develop an innovative and unbiased procedure, based on event mixing, to account for unavoidable contributions from volume (or system size) fluctuations to experimentally measured moments of particle multiplicity distributions produced in…
In a genetic algorithm, fluctuations of the entropy of a genome over time are interpreted as fluctuations of the information that the genome's organism is storing about its environment, being this reflected in more complex organisms. The…
The study of correlations between opposite-sign charge pairs and particle-ratio fluctuations can provide a powerful tool to probe the properties of the quark-gluon plasma (QGP). It has been suggested that the existence of a QCD phase…
Parameter identifiability is often requisite to the effective application of mathematical models in the interpretation of biological data, however theory applicable to the study of partial differential equations remains limited. We present…
We propose methods to reconstruct particle distributions with and without considering initial volume fluctuations. This approach enables us to correct for detector efficiencies and initial volume fluctuations simultaneously. Our study…
We propose a novel centrality definition-independent method for analyzing higher-order cumulants, specifically addressing the challenge of volume fluctuations that dominate in low-energy heavy-ion collisions. This method reconstructs…