Related papers: Labeled trees, maps, and an algebraic identity
For a labeled tree on the vertex set $\set{1,2,\ldots,n}$, the local direction of each edge $(i\,j)$ is from $i$ to $j$ if $i<j$. For a rooted tree, there is also a natural global direction of edges towards the root. The number of edges…
For a labelled tree on the vertex set $[n]:=\{1,2,..., n\}$, define the direction of each edge $ij$ to be $i\to j$ if $i<j$. The indegree sequence of $T$ can be considered as a partition $\lambda \vdash n-1$. The enumeration of trees with a…
The study describes a class of integer labelings of the Fibonacci tree, the tree of descent introduced by Fibonacci. In these labelings, Fibonacci sequences appear along ascending branches of the tree, and it is shown that the labels at any…
We consider the counting problem of the number of \textit{leaf-labeled increasing trees}, where internal nodes may have an arbitrary number of descendants. The set of all such trees is a discrete representation of the genealogies obtained…
In this brief note a straightforward combinatorial proof for an identity directly connecting rooted forests and unordered set partitions is provided. Furthermore, references that put this type of identity in the context of forest volumes…
We provide a short combinatorial proof of Cayley's formula by means of a bijective map to an outcome space of an urn-drawing problem. Furthermore we introduce an algebraic structure on the set of labeled trees, which provides a more…
This paper outlines a method to determine whether two label-regular directed trees, are isomorphic and when they are almost isomorphic. The approach involves reinterpreting label-regular directed trees as universal covers of rooted graphs.…
Labeled infinite trees provide combinatorial interpretations for many integer sequences generated by nested recurrence relations. Typically, such sequences are monotone increasing. Several of these sequences also have straightforward…
In 1989 Erd\H{o}s and Sz\'ekely showed that there is a bijection between (i) the set of rooted trees with $n+1$ vertices whose leaves are bijectively labeled with the elements of $[\ell]=\{1,2,\dots,\ell\}$ for some $\ell \leq n$, and (ii)…
We investigate the interrelations between labeled trees and ultrametric spaces generated by these trees. The labeled trees, which generate complete ultrametrics, totally bounded ultrametrics, and discrete ones, are characterized up to…
A number of hook formulas and hook summation formulas have previously appeared, involving various classes of trees. One of these classes of trees is rooted trees with labelled vertices, in which the labels increase along every chain from…
This paper investigates some properties of the number of subtrees of a tree with given degree sequence. These results are used to characterize trees with the given degree sequence that have the largest number of subtrees, which generalizes…
We give a proof for sharp estimate for the number of spanning trees using linear algebra and generalize this bound to multigraphs. In addition, we show that this bound is tight for complete graphs. In addition, we give estimates for number…
Rooted binary perfect phylogenies provide a generalization of rooted binary unlabeled trees in which each leaf is assigned a positive integer value that corresponds in a biological setting to the count of the number of indistinguishable…
Generating trees are a useful technique in the enumeration of various combinatorial objects, particularly restricted permutations. Quite often the generating tree for the set of permutations avoiding a set of patterns requires infinitely…
We consider graph labelings with an assignment of odd prime numbers to the vertices. Similarly to graceful graphs, a labeling is said to be elegant if the absolute differences between the labels of adjacent vertices describe exactly the…
We give a representation for labeled ordered trees that supports labeled queries such as finding the i-th ancestor of a node with a given label. Our representation is succinct, namely the redundancy is small-o of the optimal space for…
An L(2, 1)-labeling of a graph is an assignment of nonnegative integers to the vertices of G such that adjacent vertices receive numbers differed by at least 2, and vertices at distance 2 are assigned distinct numbers. The L(2, 1)-labeling…
The entities in directed networks arising from real-world interactions are often naturally organized under some hierarchical structure. Given a directed, weighted, graph with edges and node labels, we introduce ranking problem where the…
We study the problem of learning a node-labeled tree given independent traces from an appropriately defined deletion channel. This problem, tree trace reconstruction, generalizes string trace reconstruction, which corresponds to the tree…