Related papers: Index Theory for Real Factors
The theory of subfactors of groups, together with the associated notions of subindices and index stability for groupsandtheirsubsets, hasrecentlybeenintroducedandsystematicallydeveloped. Theseconceptsexhibitdeepconnections with additive…
This paper deals with the factor modeling for high-dimensional time series based on a dimension-reduction viewpoint. Under stationary settings, the inference is simple in the sense that both the number of factors and the factor loadings are…
Growing out of the initial connections between subfactors and knot theory that gave rise to the Jones polynomial, Jones' axiomatization of the standard invariant of an extremal finite index $II_1$ subfactor as a spherical $C^*$-planar…
We call a von Neumann algebra with finite dimensional center a multifactor. We introduce an invariant of bimodules over $\rm II_1$ multifactors that we call modular distortion, and use it to formulate two classification results. We first…
In the paper, we study the generator problem of II$_1$ factors. By defining a new concept related to the number of generators of a von Neumann algebra, we are able to show that a large class of II$_1$ factors are singly generated, i.e.,…
We classify C$^*$ near-group categories by using Vaughan Jones theory of subfactors and the Cuntz algebra endomorphisms. Our results show that there is a sharp contrast between two essentially different cases, integral and irrational cases.…
We consider the sum of the reciprocals of the middle prime factor of an integer, defined according to multiplicity or not. We obtain an asymptotic expansion in the first case and an asymptotic formula involving an implicit parameter in the…
Factor analysis refers to a statistical model in which observed variables are conditionally independent given fewer hidden variables, known as factors, and all the random variables follow a multivariate normal distribution. The parameter…
A commutative semigroup of abstract factorials is defined in the context of the ring of integers. We study such factorials for their own sake, whether they are or are not connected to sets of integers. Given a subset X of the positive…
Individual scores on common factors are required in some applied settings (e.g., business and marketing settings). Common factors are based on reflective indicators, but their scores cannot unambiguously be determined. Therefore, factor…
Generalized product formulas and index transforms, involving products of Whittaker's functions of different indices are established and investigated. The corresponding inversion formulas are found. Particular cases cover index transforms…
Several techniques together with some partial answers are given to the questions of factoriality, type classification and fullness for amalgamated free product von Neumann algebras.
For any given finite abelian group, we give factorizations of the group determinant in the group algebra of any subgroup. The factorizations are an extension of Dedekind's theorem. The extension leads to a generalization of Dedekind's…
In finance, economics and many other fields, observations in a matrix form are often observed over time. For example, many economic indicators are obtained in different countries over time. Various financial characteristics of many…
We offer streamlined proofs of fundamental theorems regarding the index theory for partial self-maps of an infinite set that are bijective between cofinite subsets.
We obtain an effective analytic formula, with explicit constants, for the number of distinct irreducible factors of a polynomial $f \in \mathbb{Z}[x]$. We use an explicit version of Mertens' theorem for number fields to estimate a related…
We consider commuting squares of finite dimensional von Neumann algebras having the algebra of complex numbers in the lower left corner. Examples include the vertex models, the spin models (in the sense of subfactor theory) and the…
We consider the infinite symmetric group and its infinite index subgroup given as the stabilizer subgroup of one element under the natural action on a countable set. This inclusion of discrete groups induces a hyperfinite subfactor for each…
Given an ideal of forms in an algebra (polynomial ring, tensor algebra, exterior algebra, Lie algebra, bigraded polynomial ring), we consider the Hilbert series of the factor ring. We concentrate on the minimal Hilbert series, which is…
We give a description of elementary subgroups (in the sense of first-order logic) of finitely generated virtually free groups. In particular, we recover the fact that elementary subgroups of finitely generated free groups are free factors.…