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A theorem due to Bob Geroch and Pong Soo Jang ["Motion of a Body in General Relativity." Journal of Mathematical Physics 16(1), (1975)] provides a sense in which the geodesic principle has the status of a theorem in General Relativity (GR).…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2011-06-14 James Owen Weatherall

A theorem due to Bob Geroch and Pong Soo Jang ["Motion of a Body in General Relativity." Journal of Mathematical Physics 16(1), (1975)] provides the sense in which the geodesic principle has the status of a theorem in General Relativity…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2015-03-17 James Owen Weatherall

A classic problem in general relativity, long studied by both physicists and philosophers of physics, concerns whether the geodesic principle may be derived from other principles of the theory, or must be posited independently. In a recent…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2018-10-23 James Owen Weatherall

An energy condition, in the context of a wide class of spacetime theories (including general relativity), is, crudely speaking, a relation one demands the stress-energy tensor of matter satisfy in order to try to capture the idea that…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2021-03-04 Erik Curiel

A positive mass theorem for General Relativity Theory is proved. The proof is 4-dimensional in nature, and relies completely on arguments pertaining to causal structure, the basic idea being that positive energy-density focuses null…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-02-03 R. Penrose , R. D. Sorkin , E. Woolgar

Based on a tentative interpretation of gravity as a pressure force, a scalar theory of gravity was previously investigated. It assumes gravitational contraction (dilation) of space (time) standards. In the static case, the same Newton law…

General Physics · Physics 2007-09-05 Mayeul Arminjon

This review summarizes the current status of the energy conditions in general relativity and quantum field theory. We provide a historical review and a summary of technical results and applications, complemented with a few new derivations…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-06-08 Eleni-Alexandra Kontou , Ko Sanders

Inertia has long been treated as the paradigm of natural motion. This paper challenges this identification through the lens of General Relativity. Drawing on Norton (2012)'s distinction between idealisation and approximation and analysing…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2025-07-15 Nicola Bamonti

The purpose of this letter is to point out an argument which may ultimately lead to a rigorous proof of the Penrose inequality in the general case. The argument is a variation of Geroch's original proposal for a proof of the positive energy…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-11-07 J Frauendiener

The conservation of energy and momentum have been viewed as undermining Cartesian mental causation since the 1690s. Modern discussions of the topic tend to use mid-19th century physics, neglecting both locality and Noether's theorem and its…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2019-09-17 J. Brian Pitts

There is proven a theorem, to the effect that a material body in general relativity, in a certain limit of sufficiently small size and mass, moves along a geodesic.

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-11-26 Jurgen Ehlers , Robert Geroch

In General Relativity, gravity is universally attractive, a feature embodied by the Raychaudhuri equation which requires that the expansion of a congruence of geodesics is always non-increasing, as long as matter obeys the strong or weak…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2018-07-09 Daniel J Burger , Saurya Das , S. Shajidul Haque , Nathan Moynihan , Bret Underwood

This paper has three main aims: first, to give a pedagogical introduction to Noether's two theorems and their implications for energy conservation in general relativity, which was a central point of discussion between Hilbert, Klein,…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2021-04-01 Sebastian De Haro

The energy conditions of general relativity permit one to deduce very powerful and general theorems about the behaviour of strong gravitational fields and cosmological geometries. However, the energy conditions these theorems are based on…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2016-11-03 Matt Visser , Carlos Barcelo

The concept of energy lies at the foundation of physical science. In general relativity and quantum field theory, the positivity and conservation of energy are encapsulated by the so-called energy-momentum tensor and the energy conditions.…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2025-12-02 Norihiro Iizuka , Akihiro Ishibashi , Kengo Maeda , Haruki Nakayama , Tatsuma Nishioka

The aim of this paper is to introduce a new modified gravity theory named as $f(\mathcal{G},T)$ gravity ($\mathcal{G}$ and $T$ are the Gauss-Bonnet invariant and trace of the energy-momentum tensor, respectively) and investigate energy…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2016-12-21 M. Sharif , Ayesha Ikram

The motion of sufficiently small body in general relativity should be accurately described by a geodesic. However, there should be ``gravitational self-force'' corrections to geodesic motion, analogous to the ``radiation reaction forces''…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-07-03 Robert M. Wald

The aim of this chapter is to present an introduction and also an overview of some of the most relevant results concerning positivity energy theorems in General Relativity. These theorems provide the answer to a long standing problem that…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-06-15 Sergio Dain

The study of energy conditions has many significant applications in general relativistic and cosmological contexts. This paper explores the energy conditions in the framework of the most general scalar-tensor theory with field equations…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2013-11-27 M. Sharif , Saira Waheed

The question of the existence of gravitational stress-energy in general relativity has exercised investigators in the field since the inception of the theory. Folklore has it that no adequate definition of a localized gravitational…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2019-11-26 Erik Curiel
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