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It is currently unknown how matter behaves at the extreme densities found within the cores of neutron stars. Measurements of the neutron star equation of state probe nuclear physics that is otherwise inaccessible in a laboratory setting.…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-03-03 Kris Walker , Rory Smith , Eric Thrane , Daniel J. Reardon

Cosmological observations can be used to weigh neutrinos, but this method is model-dependent, with results relying on the cosmological model considered. If we consider interactions between dark energy and dark matter, the neutrino mass…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-07-25 Lu Feng , Tao Han , Jing-Fei Zhang , Xin Zhang

We describe the first observations of the same celestial object with gravitational waves and light. * GW170817 was the first detection of a neutron star merger with gravitational waves. * The detection of a spatially coincident weak burst…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2021-12-01 Raffaella Margutti , Ryan Chornock

The aim of these notes is to provide a brief review of the topic of neutrino astronomy and in particular of neutrinos from core collapse supernovae. They are addressed to a curious reader, beginning to work in a multidisciplinary area that…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 Flavio Cavanna , Maria Laura Costantini , Ornella Palamara , Francesco Vissani

We investigate the potential to probe new neutrino physics with future experiments measuring coherent neutrino-nucleus scattering. Experiments with high statistics should become feasible soon and allow to constrain parameters with…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2017-04-05 Manfred Lindner , Werner Rodejohann , Xun-Jie Xu

Experiments aiming to detect coherent neutrino-nucleus scattering present opportunities to probe new light weakly-coupled states, such as sub-GeV mass dark matter, in several extensions of the Standard Model. These states can be produced…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2015-11-11 Patrick deNiverville , Maxim Pospelov , Adam Ritz

We present recent work on using astronomical observations of neutron stars to reveal unique insights into nuclear matter that cannot be obtained from laboratories on Earth. First, we discuss our measurement of the rapid cooling of the…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2013-03-18 Wynn C. G. Ho , Nils Andersson , Cristobal M. Espinoza , Kostas Glampedakis , Brynmor Haskell , Craig O. Heinke

Neutrons travel along straight lines in free space, but only survive for a distance which depends on their energy. Thus, detecting neutrons in space in principle provides directional and distance information. Apart from secondary neutrons…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2017-08-07 Diego Casadei

With the compelling evidence for massive neutrinos from recent neutrino oscillation experiments, one of the most fundamental tasks of particle physics over the next years will be the determination of the absolute mass scale of neutrinos,…

High Energy Physics - Experiment · Physics 2007-05-23 Christian Weinheimer

The recent direct observation of gravitational wave event $GW170817$ and its $GRB170817A$ signal has opened up a new window to study neutron stars and heralds a new era of Astronomy referred to as the Multimessenger Astronomy. Both…

Observations of heavy (${\simeq}2\,M_\odot$) neutron stars in addition to the recent measurement of tidal deformability from the binary neutron-star merger GW170817, place interesting constraints on theories of dense matter. Current and…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2018-08-29 M. Sieniawska , M. Bejger , B. Haskell

In this review we highlight a few physical properties of neutron stars and their theoretical treatment inasmuch as they can be useful for nuclear and particle physicists concerned with matter at finite density (and newly, temperature).…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2021-03-23 Felipe J. Llanes-Estrada , Eva Lope-Oter

The CONUS+ collaboration has reported their first observation of coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering (CE$\nu$NS). The experiment uses reactor electron antineutrinos and germanium detectors with recoil thresholds as low as…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-04-24 Valentina De Romeri , Dimitrios K. Papoulias , Gonzalo Sanchez Garcia

The recent direct detection of gravitational waves (GWs) from binary black hole mergers (2016, Phys. Rev. Lett. 116, no. 6, 061102; no. 24, 241103) opens up an entirely new non-electromagnetic window into the Universe making it possible to…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2016-07-20 Plamen G. Krastev , Bao-An Li

We present predictions for the interactions of energetic neutrinos with matter as they propagate through Earth towards large-volume detectors. Our results are based on state-of-the-art calculations of the high-energy neutrino-matter…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2020-09-17 Alfonso Garcia , Rhorry Gauld , Aart Heijboer , Juan Rojo

The recently completed PREX-2 campaign - which measured the weak form factor of lead at an optimal momentum transfer - has confirmed that the neutron skin of lead is relatively large and has provided a precise determination of the interior…

Neutrinos at energies above TeV can serve as probes of the stellar progenitor and jet dynamics of gamma ray bursts arising from stellar core collapses. They can also probe collapses which do not lead to gamma-rays, which may be much more…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 Soebur Razzaque , Peter Meszaros , Eli Waxman

The nuclear symmetry energy is intimately connected with nuclear astrophysics. This contribution focuses on the estimation of the symmetry energy from experiment and how it is related to the structure of neutron stars. The most important…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2014-03-06 James M. Lattimer , Andrew W. Steiner

Axions are increasingly favoured as a candidate particle for the dark matter in galaxies, since they satisfy the observational requirements for cold dark matter and are theoretically well motivated. Fluctuations in the axion field give rise…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2018-11-28 Tim Dietrich , Francesca Day , Katy Clough , Michael Coughlin , Jens Niemeyer