Related papers: Intermediate models for longitudinal profiles of c…
Air shower simulation programs are essential tools for the analysis of data from cosmic ray experiments and for planning the layout of new detectors. They are used to estimate the energy and mass of the primary particle. Unfortunately the…
The description of the modifications of the coherence pattern in a parton shower, in the presence of a QGP, has been actively addressed in recent studies. Among the several achievements, finite energy corrections, transverse momentum…
The gravitational lensing properties of cosmological halos depend upon the mass distribution within each halo. The description of halos as nonsingular, truncated isothermal spheres, a particular solution of the isothermal Lane-Emden…
A variety of researchers have successfully obtained the parameters of low dimensional diffusion models using the data that comes out of atomistic simulations. This naturally raises a variety of questions about efficient estimation,…
Cosmic shear surveys have great promise as tools for precision cosmology, but can be subject to systematic errors including intrinsic ellipticity correlations of the source galaxies. The intrinsic alignments are believed to be small for…
Aging in spin glasses is analyzed via the Probability Density Function (PDF) of the heat transfer between system and bath over a small time $\delta t$. The PDF contains a Gaussian part, describing reversible fluctuations, and an exponential…
The limited knowledge of atmospheric parameters like humidity, pressure, temperature, and the index of refraction has been one of the important systematic uncertainties in reconstructing the depth of the shower maximum from the radio…
A variety of approximate schemes for modelling the low-density Intergalactic Medium (IGM) in the high-redshift Universe is compared to the results of a large high-resolution hydro-dynamical simulation. These schemes use either an analytical…
The properties of cosmic rays with energies above 10**6 GeV have to be deduced from the spacetime structure and particle content of the air showers which they initiate. In this review we summarize the phenomenology of these giant air…
In air shower experiments information about the initial cosmic ray particle or about the shower development is obtained by exploiting the correlations between the quantities of interest and the directly measurable quantities. It is shown…
The predictions of hadronic interaction models for cosmic-ray induced air showers contain inherent uncertainties due to limitations of available accelerator data. This leads to differences in shower simulations using each of those models.…
The AIRES (AIR-shower Extended Simulations) system is a set of programs and subroutines to realistically simulate particle showers produced after the incidence of high energy cosmic rays on the Earth's atmosphere, and to manage all the…
We investigate the cosmological implications of generalized mass-to-horizon entropy, a two-parameter extension of the standard Bekenstein entropy based on the mass-to-horizon relation. Assuming the entropy balance relation, we derive the…
We show that hydrodynamic diffusion is generically present in many-body interacting integrable models. We extend the recently developed generalised hydrodynamic (GHD) to include terms of Navier-Stokes type which lead to positive entropy…
In this paper, we derive closed form solutions for the quasi-stationary problems of moving heat sources within the gradient theory of heat transfer. This theory can be formally deduced from the two-temperature model and it can be treated as…
We consider the possibility that the ultra-high-energy cosmic ray flux has a small component of exotic particles which create showers much deeper in the atmosphere than ordinary hadronic primaries. It is shown that applying the conventional…
Several experiments measure the fluorescence light produced by extensive air showers in the atmosphere. This light is converted into a longitudinal shower profile from which information on the primary energy and composition is derived. The…
The simulation of the extensive air showers was performed by investigating the longitudinal development parameters (N and Xmax) by using AIRES system version 19.04.0. The simulation was performed at the energy range (10^18-10^20 eV) for…
Water modeling is a challenging problem. Its anomalies are difficult to reproduce, promoting the proliferation of a large number of computational models, among which researchers select the most appropriate for the property they study. In…
Atmosphere-skimming showers are initiated by cosmic rays with incoming directions such that the full development of the cascade occurs inside the atmosphere without ever reaching the ground. This new class of showers has been observed in…