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Low Earth orbit (LEO) satellites offer a promising alternative to global navigation satellite systems for precise positioning; however, their relatively low altitudes make them more susceptible to orbital perturbations, which in turn…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-11 Jie Ma , Pinjun Zheng , Xing Liu , Yuchen Zhang , Ali A. Nasir , Tareq Y. Al-Naffouri

Orbital debris is a pressing problem which presents a danger to global space operations and a barrier to continued development of the space economy and space infrastructure. As research continues regarding orbital debris, there is a need…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-22 Asaad S. Abdul-Hamid , Hao Chen

A possible mean to stabilize the LEO debris population is to remove each year 5 heavy debris like spent satellites or launchers stages from that space region. This paper investigates the DeltaV requirement for such a Space Debris Collecting…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2011-07-04 Max Cerf

The space environment around the Earth is populated by more than 130 million objects of 1 mm in size and larger, and future predictions shows that this amount is destined to increase, even if mitigation measures are implemented at a far…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2020-12-29 Mirko Trisolini , Hugh G. Lewis , Camilla Colombo

Building and maintaining a catalog of resident space objects involves several tasks, ranging from observations to data analysis. Once acquired, the knowledge of a space object needs to be updated following a dedicated observing schedule.…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2022-10-27 Laura Pirovano , Roberto Armellin

The exponential rise in small-satellites and CubeSats in Low Earth Orbit (LEO) poses important challenges for future space traffic management. At altitudes of 600 km and lower, aerodynamic drag accelerates de-orbiting of satellites.…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2019-01-29 Aman Chandra , Greg Wilburn , Jekan Thangavelautham

An innovative orbit determination method which makes use of gravity gradients for Low-Earth-Orbiting satellites is proposed. The measurement principle of gravity gradiometry is briefly reviewed and the sources of measurement error are…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2016-08-12 Xiucong Sun , Pei Chen , Christophe Macabiau , Chao Han

Since July 2014, the ESA Gaia mission has been surveying the entire sky down to magnitude 20.7 in the visible. In addition to the millions of stars, thousands of Solar System Objects (SSOs) are observed daily. By comparing their positions…

With the development of aerospace technology, the increasing population of space debris has posed a great threat to the safety of spacecraft. However, the low intensity of reflected light and high angular velocity of space debris impede the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-09-25 Zherui Lu , Gangyi Wang , Xinguo Wei , Jian Li

The growing density of satellites in low-Earth orbit (LEO) presents serious challenges to space sustainability, primarily due to the increased risk of in-orbit collisions. Traditional ground-based tracking systems are constrained by latency…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-08-04 Peng Hu , Wenxuan Zhang

The density of orbital space debris constitutes an increasing environmental challenge. There are three ways to alleviate the problem: debris mitigation, debris removal and collision avoidance. This paper addresses collision avoidance, by…

Space Physics · Physics 2011-03-10 Creon Levit , William Marshall

Reaching all regions of Earth, low Earth orbit (LEO) satellites can harvest delay-tolerant data from remotely located users on Earth without ground infrastructure. This work aims to assess a data harvest network architecture where users…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-08-12 Chang-Sik Choi

Low-Earth Orbit (LEO) satellites are crucial for communications, navigation, and Earth observation. However, their operational lifetimes are strongly influenced by orbital decay due to atmospheric drag. This work presents a simplified…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-09-08 Sukdev Mahapatra

The observation of small bodies in the Space Environment is an ongoing important task in astronomy. While nowadays new objects are mostly detected in larger sky surveys, several follow-up observations are usually needed for each object to…

In order for close proximity satellites to safely perform their missions, the relative states of all satellites and pieces of debris must be well understood. This presents a problem for ground based tracking and orbit determination since it…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-02-19 Harrison Perone , Christopher W. Hays

As low Earth orbit (LEO) satellite communication systems are gaining increasing popularity, new theoretical methodologies are required to investigate such networks' performance at large. This is because deterministic and location-based…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-05-06 Niloofar Okati , Taneli Riihonen , Dani Korpi , Ilari Angervuori , Risto Wichman

Orbital debris is a constraint on the long-term health of any spacecraft and must be considered during mission planning. Varying mechanisms have been proposed to quantify the problem. Assessment of orbital debris employing ground-based…

Space Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 J. A. Carmona , M. Cook , M. Cooper , J. Schmoke , J. Reay , L. Matthews , T. Hyde

Modern satellites deployed in low Earth orbit (LEO) accommodate processing payloads that can be exploited for edge computing. Furthermore, by implementing inter-satellite links, the LEO satellites in a constellation can route the data…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-06-23 Marc Martinez-Gost , Israel Leyva-Mayorga , Ana Pérez-Neira , Miguel Ángel Vázquez , Beatriz Soret , Marco Moretti

Modern Earth Observation (EO) missions generate massive volumes of imagery that challenge existing downlink and ground-processing capabilities, particularly for time-critical applications. This work investigates how a low Earth orbit (LEO)…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Beatriz Soret , Antonio M. Mercado-Martínez , Antonio Jurado-Navas , Nicolai D. Lyholm , Marco Moretti , Petar Popovski , Israel Leyva-Mayorga

The precise knowledge of the positions of space debris objects and in particular of defunct satellites is fundamental for satellite operations. Several studies showed that it is possible to improve the accuracy of the orbit determination…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2019-03-04 E. Cordelli , P. Schlatter , P. Lauber , T. Schildknecht