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In a partially observed quantum or classical system the information that we cannot access results in our description of the system becoming mixed even if we have perfect initial knowledge. That is, if the system is quantum the conditional…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-11 Jay Gambetta , H. M. Wiseman

The paper extends the expectation transformer based analysis of higher-order probabilistic programs to the quantum higher-order setting. The quantum language we are considering can be seen as an extension of PCF, featuring unbounded…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2026-01-26 Martin Avanzini , Alejandro Díaz-Caro , Emmanuel Hainry , Romain Péchoux

Some instances of creative thinking require an agent to build and test hypothetical theories. Such a reasoner needs to explore the space of not only those situations that have occurred in the past, but also those that are rationally…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2013-02-28 Raj Bhatnagar

Explaining how to get from A to B can be challenging. It requires mentally simulating what the listener will do based on what they are told. To capture this process, we propose a computational model that converts utterances into action…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Hanqi Zhou , Britt Besch , Charley M. Wu , Tobias Gerstenberg

Tableaux originate as a decision method for a logical language. They can also be extended to obtain a structure that spells out all the information in a set of sentences in terms of truth value assignments to atomic formulas that appear in…

cmp-lg · Computer Science 2008-02-03 Pablo Gervas

The goal of optimization-based meta-learning is to find a single initialization shared across a distribution of tasks to speed up the process of learning new tasks. Conditional meta-learning seeks task-specific initialization to better…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-20 Ruohan Wang , Yiannis Demiris , Carlo Ciliberto

We analyze selected iterated conditionals in the framework of conditional random quantities. We point out that it is instructive to examine Lewis's triviality result, which shows the conditions a conditional must satisfy for its probability…

Probability · Mathematics 2020-03-17 Giuseppe Sanfilippo , Angelo Gilio , David Over , Niki Pfeifer

That an agent's possible evidential states form a Boolean algebra (on which it is natural to define a probability measure) is an assertion that ideally should be proved, rather than assumed, in justifying rational choice as a representation…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2018-03-06 Fatemeh Borhani , Edward J. Green

In economic theory, an agent chooses from available alternatives -- modeled as a set. In decisions in the field or in the lab, however, agents do not have access to the set of alternatives at once. Instead, alternatives are represented by…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2021-11-09 Paulo Oliva , Philipp Zahn

This paper explores the application of automated planning to automated theorem proving, which is a branch of automated reasoning concerned with the development of algorithms and computer programs to construct mathematical proofs. In…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-12-12 Alice Petrov , Christian Muise

We argue that to solve the foundational problems of quantum theory one has to first understand what it means to quantize a classical system. We then propose a quantization method based on replacement of deterministic c-numbers by…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-05 Agung Budiyono

Planning is a natural domain of application for frameworks of reasoning about actions and change. In this paper we study how one such framework, the Language E, can form the basis for planning under (possibly) incomplete information. We…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Antonis Kakas , Rob Miller , Francesca Toni

While conditional generation models can now generate natural language well enough to create fluent text, it is still difficult to control the generation process, leading to irrelevant, repetitive, and hallucinated content. Recent work shows…

In previous work, summarized in this paper, we proposed an operation of parallel composition for rewriting-logic theories, allowing compositional specification of systems and reusability of components. The present paper focuses on…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2023-08-01 Óscar Martín , Alberto Verdejo , Narciso Martí-Oliet

This note is concerned with a formal analysis of the problem of non-monotonic reasoning in intelligent systems, especially when the uncertainty is taken into account in a quantitative way. A firm connection between logic and probability is…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2013-04-05 Hung-Trung Nguyen

A number of SAT-based analysis concepts and tools for software product lines exist, that extract code dependencies in propositional logic from the source code assets of the product line. On these extracted conditions, SAT-solvers are used…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-10-13 Adam Krafczyk , Sascha El-Sharkawy , Klaus Schmid

The general use of subjective probabilities to model belief has been justified using many axiomatic schemes. For example, ?consistent betting behavior' arguments are well-known. To those not already convinced of the unique fitness and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2013-03-25 Paul Snow

We study the algebraic theory of computable functions, which can be viewed as arising from possibly non-halting computer programs or algorithms, acting on some state space, equipped with operations of composition, {\em if-then-else} and…

Logic · Mathematics 2014-08-21 Marcel Jackson , Tim Stokes

For many years, the intuitions underlying partial-order planning were largely taken for granted. Only in the past few years has there been renewed interest in the fundamental principles underlying this paradigm. In this paper, we present a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2009-09-25 S. Minton , J. Bresina , M. Drummond

Theories of natural language and concepts have been unable to model the flexibility, creativity, context-dependence, and emergence, exhibited by words, concepts and their combinations. The mathematical formalism of quantum theory has…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2016-09-09 Diederik Aerts , Jan Broekaert , Liane Gabora , Sandro Sozzo