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It is generally believed that superconducting materials are divided into two classes: `conventional' and `unconventional'. Conventional superconductors (the elements and thousands of compounds including $MgB_2$) are described by…
The hyperon-hyperon potentials due to a recent SU(3) Nijmegen soft-core potential model are incorporated within a relativistic mean field calculation of strange hadronic matter. We find considerably higher binding energy in bulk matter…
Second-order superlattices form when moir\'e superlattices of similar periodicities interfere with each other, leading to even larger superlattice periodicities. These crystalline structures have been engineered utilizing two-dimensional…
We compute the structure of flux $h/(2e)$ vortices in a d-wave superconductor which emerges from a higher temperature pseudogap metal. Such a transition is described by a continuum theory of the Higgs condensation of 2 flavors of charge $e$…
Hydrogen exhibits unusual behaviors at megabar pressures, with consequences for planetary science, condensed matter physics and materials science. Experiments at such extreme conditions are challenging, often resulting in hard-to-interpret…
An ideal material for on-board hydrogen storage must release hydrogen at practical temperature and pressure and also regenerate efficiently under similarly gentle conditions. Therefore, thermodynamically, the hydride material must lie…
Seven distinct families of superconductors with critical temperatures at ambient pressure that equal or surpass the historic 23 K limit for Nb3Ge have been discovered in the last 25 years. Each family is reviewed briefly and their common…
Lattice reconstruction in twisted transition-metal dichalcogenide (TMD) bilayers gives rise to piezo- and ferroelectric moir\'e potentials for electrons and holes, as well as a modulation of the hybridisation across the bilayer. Here, we…
Achieving superconductivity at room temperature (RT) is a holy grail in physics. Recent discoveries on high-Tc superconductivity in binary hydrides H3S and LaH10 at high pressure have directed the search for RT superconductors to compress…
Conventional and unconventional superconductivity, respectively, arise from attractive (electron-phonon) and repulsive (many-body Coulomb) interactions with fixed-sign and sign-reversal pairing symmetries. Although heavy-fermions, cuprates,…
Recent experimental discoveries show that hydrogen-rich compounds can reach room temperature superconductivity, at least at high pressures. Also that there exist metallic hydrogen-abundant systems with critical temperatures of few Kelvin,…
Superionic hydrogen was previously thought to be an exotic state predicted and confirmed only in pure H2O ice. In Earth's deep interior, H2O exists in the form of O-H groups in ultra-dense hydrous minerals, which have been proved to be…
Multishell helical gold nanowires (HGNs) suspended between semi-infinite electrodes are found to exhibit peculiar electron-conduction properties by first-principles calculations based on the density functional theory. Our results that the…
Recent theoretical and experimental studies of hydrogen-rich materials at megabar pressures (i.e., >100 GPa) have led to the discovery of very high-temperature superconductivity in these materials. Lanthanum superhydride LaH$_{10}$ has been…
Superconductivity is a fascinating quantum phenomenon characterized by zero electrical resistance and the Meissner effect. To date, several distinct families of superconductors (SCs) have been discovered. These include three-dimensional…
During the last few years, a number of exceptional core-collapse supernovae (SNe) have been discovered. Their kinetic energy of the explosions are larger by more than an order of magnitude than the typical values for this type of SNe, so…
We show theoretically that ultracold hydrogen atoms have very favorable properties for sympathetic cooling of molecules to microkelvin temperatures. We calculate the potential energy surfaces for spin-polarized interactions of H atoms with…
Two-dimensional (2D) layered semiconductors with both ultrawide bandgap and strong second harmonic generation (SHG) are essential for expanding the nonlinear optical (NLO) applications to deep-ultraviolet (DUV) region in nanoscale.…
Superconductors with persistent zero-resistance currents serve as permanent magnets for high-field applications requiring a strong and stable magnetic field, such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The recent global helium shortage has…
We report the discovery of superconductivity in boron-doped diamond synthesized at high pressure (8-9 GPa) and temperature (2,500-2,800 K). Electrical resistivity, magnetic susceptibility, specific heat, and field-dependent resistance…