Related papers: Kepler's Differential Equations
We review the physics at the end of the nineteenth century and summarize the process of the establishment of Special Relativity by Albert Einstein in brief. Following in the giant's footsteps, we outline the scientific method which helps to…
The calculation of the trajectories in the Sun-Earth-Mars system will be performed in two different models, both in the framework of Newtonian mechanics. First model is well-known Copernican system, which assumes the Sun is at rest and all…
We attempt to see how closely we can formally obtain the planetary and light path equations of General Relativity by employing certain operations on the familiar Newtonian equation. This article is intended neither as an alternative to nor…
The k-calculus was advocated by Hermann Bondi as a means of explaining special relativity using only GCSE level mathematics and ideas. We review the central derivations, using proofs which are only a little more elegant than those in…
The calculus of variations is a field of mathematical analysis born in 1687 with Newton's problem of minimal resistance, which is concerned with the maxima or minima of integral functionals. Finding the solution of such problems leads to…
It is shown that the correct expressions for momentum and kinetic energy of a particle moving at high speed were already implicit in physics going back to Maxwell. The demonstration begins with a thought experiment of Einstein by which he…
Great opportunities arise for teaching physics, astronomy, and their histories when new discoveries are made that involve concepts accessible to students at every level. Such an opportunity currently exists thanks to the fact that notes…
Differential equation discovery, a machine learning subfield, is used to develop interpretable models, particularly in nature-related applications. By expertly incorporating the general parametric form of the equation of motion and…
In Book 1, Proposition 7, Problem 2 of his 1687 Philosophiae Naturalis Principia Mathematica, Isaac Newton poses and answers the following question: Let the orbit of a particle moving in a central force field be an off-center circle. How…
In this note we will present how Euler's investigations on various different subjects lead to certain properties of the Legendre polynomials. More precisely, we will show that the generating function and the difference equation for the…
In a previous article we gave the general foundations of the theory of movement considered from a philosophical and mathematical point of view. Philosophical it meant to understand the opposition of the one and the multiple, mathematically…
Understanding the consequences of the gravitational interaction between a star and a planet is fundamental to the study of exoplanets. The solution of the two-body problem shows that the planet moves in an elliptical path around the star…
Earth rotation is determined by polar motion (PM) and length of day (lod). The excitation sources of PM are torques linked to fluid circulations ("geophysical excitations"), and those of lod to luni-solar tides ("astronomical excitations").…
The recent paper published in European Journal of Physics [1] aimed to demonstrate the kinematical and dynamical equivalence of heliocentric and geocentric systems. The work is performed in the Neo-Tychonian system, with key assumption that…
In a previous work, we developed the idea to solve Kepler's equation with a CORDIC-like algorithm, which does not require any division, but still multiplications in each iteration. Here we overcome this major shortcoming and solve Kepler's…
Since its introduction in 1650, Kepler's equation has never ceased to fascinate mathematicians, scientists, and engineers. Over the course of five centuries, a large number of different solution strategies have been devised and implemented.…
With only five photographs of the Sun at different dates we show that the mass of Sun can be calculated by using a telescope, a camera, and the Kepler's third law. With these photographs we are able to calculate the distance between Sun and…
Newton's "superb theorem" for the gravitational inverse-square-law force states that a spherically symmetric mass distribution attracts a body outside as if the entire mass were concentrated at the center. This theorem is crucial for…
In a planetary or satellite system, idealized as n small bodies in initially coplanar, concentric orbits around a large central body, obeying Newtonian point-particle mechanics, resonant perturbations will cause dynamical evolution of the…
Understanding the nature of time remains a key unsolved problem in science. Newton in the Principia asserted an absolute universal time that {\it `flows equably'}. Hamilton then proposed a mathematical unification of space and time within…