Related papers: Classifying Vectoids and Generalisations of Operad…
In this paper we introduce a notion of {\it generalized operad} containing as special cases various kinds of operad--like objects: ordinary, cyclic, modular, properads etc. We then construct inner cohomomorphism objects in their categories…
This survey provides an elementary introduction to operads and to their applications in homotopical algebra. The aim is to explain how the notion of an operad was prompted by the necessity to have an algebraic object which encodes higher…
Operads were originally defined as V-operads, that is, enriched in a symmetric or braided monoidal category V. The symmetry or braiding in V is required in order to describe the associativity axiom the operads must obey, as well as the…
We consider the endomorphism operad of a functor, which is roughly the object of natural transformations from (monoidal) powers of that functor to itself. There are many examples from geometry, topology, and algebra where this object has…
Recently, a geometrical characterization of vector spaces served to generalize them into a new class of algebras. Instead of the algebraic properties of the underlying fields, we generalized the recently discovered property of such spaces…
A general notion of operad is given, which includes as instances, the operads originally conceived to study loop spaces, as well as the higher operads that arise in the globular approach to higher dimensional algebra. In the framework of…
Universal algebra uniformly captures various algebraic structures, by expressing them as equational theories or abstract clones. The ubiquity of algebraic structures in mathematics and related fields has given rise to several variants of…
This is an expository article about operads in homotopy theory written as a chapter for an upcoming book. It concentrates on what the author views as the basic topics in the homotopy theory of operadic algebras: the definition of operads,…
We suggest a concept of generalized `angles' in arbitrary real normed vector spaces. We give for each real number a definition of an `angle' by means of the shape of the unit ball. They all yield the well known Euclidean angle in the…
We define a monoidal semantics for algebraic theories. The basis for the definition is provided by the analysis of the structural rules in the term calculus of algebraic languages. Models are described both explicitly, in a form that…
Universal algebra uniformly captures various algebraic structures, by expressing them as equational theories or abstract clones. The ubiquity of algebraic structures in mathematics and related fields has given rise to several variants of…
Generalized operads, also called generalized multicategories and $T$-monoids, are defined as monads within a Kleisli bicategory. With or without emphasizing their monoidal nature, generalized operads have been considered by numerous authors…
Several topological and homological operads based on families of projectively weighted arcs in bounded surfaces are introduced and studied. The spaces underlying the basic operad are identified with open subsets of a compactification due to…
We consider a generalized angle in complex normed vector spaces. Its definition corresponds to the definition of the well known Euclidean angle in real inner product spaces. Not surprisingly it yields complex values as `angles'. This…
We define convexity canonically in the setting of monoids. We show that many classical results from convex analysis hold for functions defined on such groups and semigroups, rather than only on vector spaces. Some examples and…
In 2010, Turaev introduced knotoids as a variation on knots that replaces the embedding of a circle with the embedding of a closed interval with two endpoints which here we call poles. We define generalized knotoids to allow arbitrarily…
In this paper we develop the theory of operads, algebras and modules in cofibrantly generated symmetric monoidal model categories. We give J-semi model strucures, which are a slightly weaker version of model structures, for operads and…
In various subjects including mathematics, one can hope to use mathematical thinking well when the right kinds of algebraic structure to consider can be discovered or spotted. Therefore, it would help to understand kinds of algebraic…
In this paper we introduce the concept of generalized vector groupoid. Several properties of them are established.
We introduce a generalization of monads, called relative monads, allowing for underlying functors between different categories. Examples include finite-dimensional vector spaces, untyped and typed lambda-calculus syntax and indexed…