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It is well known that a minimum error quantum measurement for arbitrary binary optical coherent states can be realized by a receiver that comprises interfering with a coherent reference light, photon counting, and feedback control. We show…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-02-16 Kenji Nakahira , Kentaro Kato , Tsuyoshi Sasaki Usuda

Estimation of the population total of a variable can be improved by calibration on a set of auxiliary variables. It is difficult to establish that such a set of variables is sufficient, that estimation could not be improved by calibration…

Applications · Statistics 2026-03-02 Nicholas T. Longford

Deep generative models are challenging the classical methods in the field of anomaly detection nowadays. Every new method provides evidence of outperforming its predecessors, often with contradictory results. The objective of this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-09 Vít Škvára , Jan Franců , Matěj Zorek , Tomáš Pevný , Václav Šmídl

Many existing global constraints can be encoded as a conjunction of among constraints. An among constraint holds if the number of the variables in its scope whose value belongs to a prespecified set, which we call its range, is within some…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2017-06-19 Victor Dalmau

The event camera is a novel bio-inspired vision sensor. When the brightness change exceeds the preset threshold, the sensor generates events asynchronously. The number of valid events directly affects the performance of event-based tasks,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-08-24 Xijie Xiang , Lin Zhu , Jianing Li , Yonghong Tian , Tiejun Huang

The statistical methods used by the ATLAS Collaboration for setting upper limits or establishing a discovery are reviewed, as they are fundamental ingredients in the search for new phenomena. The analyses published so far adopted different…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2011-08-12 Diego Casadei

We consider the problem of stabilization of a linear system, under state and control constraints, and subject to bounded disturbances and unknown parameters in the state matrix. First, using a simple least square solution and available…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-07-22 Edouard Leurent , Denis Efimov , Odalric-Ambrym Maillard

This essay looks at decision-making with interval-valued probability measures. Existing decision methods have either supplemented expected utility methods with additional criteria of optimality, or have attempted to supplement the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2013-04-15 Ronald P. Loui

The need for high-throughput, precise, and meaningful methods for measuring behavior has been amplified by our recent successes in measuring and manipulating neural circuitry. The largest challenges associated with moving in this direction,…

Biological Physics · Physics 2017-12-18 Gordon J. Berman

Maximum subarray is a classical problem in computer science that given an array of numbers aims to find a contiguous subarray with the largest sum. We focus on its use for a noisy statistical problem of localizing an interval with a mean…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-10-24 Dennis Wei , Dmitry M. Malioutov

Interval analysis, when applied to the so called problem of experimental data fitting, appears to be still in its infancy. Sometimes, partly because of the unrivaled reliability of interval methods, we do not obtain any results at all.…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2009-03-03 Marek W. Gutowski

We generalize the optimal coupling theorem to multiple random variables: Given a collection of random variables, it is possible to couple all of them so that any two differ with probability comparable to the total-variation distance between…

Probability · Mathematics 2021-05-10 Omer Angel , Yinon Spinka

The maximum-entropy sampling problem is a fundamental and challenging combinatorial-optimization problem, with application in spatial statistics. It asks to find a maximum-determinant order-$s$ principal submatrix of an order-$n$ covariance…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-02-03 Zhongzhu Chen , Marcia Fampa , Amélie Lambert , Jon Lee

Mechanistic mathematical models of biological systems usually contain a number of unknown parameters whose values need to be estimated from available experimental data in order for the models to be validated and used to make quantitative…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2025-06-16 Yue Liu , Philip K. Maini , Ruth E. Baker

Higher criticism is a method for detecting signals that are both sparse and weak. Although first proposed in cases where the noise variables are independent, higher criticism also has reasonable performance in settings where those variables…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2010-10-05 Peter Hall , Jiashun Jin

We investigate the problem of jointly testing a pair of composite hypotheses and, depending on the test result, estimating a random parameter under distributional uncertainties. Specifically, it is assumed that the distribution of the data…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-27 Dominik Reinhard , Michael Fauß , Abdelhak M. Zoubir

A common problem in astrophysics is determining how bright a source could be and still not be detected. Despite the simplicity with which the problem can be stated, the solution involves complex statistical issues that require careful…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2016-02-19 Vinay L. Kashyap , David A. van Dyk , Alanna Connors , Peter Freeman , Aneta Siemiginowska , Jin Xu , Andreas Zezas

Prediction capability is considered an important issue in response surface methodology. Following the line of argument that a design should have several desirable properties we have extended an existing compound design criterion to include…

The best techniques for the constrained maximum-entropy sampling problem, a discrete-optimization problem arising in the design of experiments, are via a variety of concave continuous relaxations of the objective function. A standard…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-02-13 Zhongzhu Chen , Marcia Fampa , Jon Lee

This paper deals with parameter estimation from extreme measurements. While being a special case of parameter estimation from partial data, in scenarios where only one sample from a given set of K measurements can be extracted, choosing…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2018-09-25 Jonatan Ostrometzky , Hagit Messer