Related papers: Extraction of Various Five-Quark Components of the…
We generalize the approach of Brodsky {\it et al.} for the intrinsic charm quark distribution in the nucleons to the light-quark sector involving intrinsic $\bar u, \bar d, s$ and $\bar s$ sea quarks. We compare the calculations with the…
The existence of the five-quark Fock states for the intrinsic charm quark in the nucleons was suggested some time ago, but conclusive evidence is still lacking. We generalize the previous theoretical approach to the light-quark sector and…
According to general understanding, the proton as one of the main ingredients of the nucleus is composed of one down and two up quarks bound together by gluons, described by Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD). In this view, heavy quarks do not…
We calculate differential energy spectra ($x_F$-distributions) of charmed particles produced in proton-nucleus collisions, assuming the existence of intrinsic heavy quark components in the proton wave function. For the calculation, the…
In the extended chiral constituent quark model, the intrinsic $c \bar{c}$ content of the nucleon is investigated. The probabilities of the quark-antiquark components in the nucleon wave functions are calculated by taking the nucleon to be…
The theory of the strong force, quantum chromodynamics, describes the proton in terms of quarks and gluons. The proton is a state of two up quarks and one down quark bound by gluons, but quantum theory predicts that in addition there is an…
We reply to the Comment of Brodsky and Gardner on our paper "New limits on intrinsic charm in the nucleon from global analysis of parton distributions" [Phys. Rev. Lett. 114, 082002 (2015)]. We address a number of incorrect claims made…
Using a $\overline D$ meson cloud model we calculate the squared charm radius of the nucleon . The ratio between this squared radius and the ordinary baryon squared radius is identified with the probability of ``seeing'' the intrinsic charm…
We estimate the intrinsic charm contributions to the quark flavor and spin observables of the nucleon in the SU(4) quark meson fluctuation model. In this model, the charm or anticharm reside in the charmed mesons created by the…
We present a review of the state-of-the-art of our understanding of the intrinsic charm and bottom content of the nucleon. We discuss theoretical calculations, constraints from global analyses, and collider observables sensitive to the…
We investigate the charm sector of the nucleon structure phenomenologically, using the most up-to-date global QCD analysis. Going beyond the common assumption of purely radiatively generated charm, we explore possible degrees of freedom in…
We present a review of the current understanding of the heavy quark distributions in the nucleon and their impact on collider physics. The origin of strange, charm and bottom quark pairs at high light-front (LF) momentum fractions in hadron…
We review the current understanding of heavy quark parton distributions in nucleons and their impact on deep inelastic scattering, collider physics, and other processes at high energies. The determination of the heavy-quark parton…
The quark spin and flavor structure of the nucleon is discussed in the SU(4) symmetry breaking chiral quark model. The spin and flavor contents for charm quarks and anti-charm quarks are predicted and compared with the results given by…
We perform a comprehensive analysis of the role of nonperturbative (or intrinsic) charm in the nucleon, generated through Fock state expansions of the nucleon wave function involving five-quark virtual states represented by charmed mesons…
We provide a first quantitative indication that the wave function of the proton contains unequal distributions of charm quarks and antiquarks, i.e. a nonvanishing intrinsic valence charm distribution. A significant nonvanishing valence…
Contributions to the quark flavor and spin observables from the intrinsic charm in the proton are discussed in the SU(4) quark meson fluctuation model. Our results suggest that the probability of finding the intrinsic charm in the proton is…
Using a statistical approach in the framework of non-covariant perturbation theory the distributions for light and charmed quarks in the hadron have been derived, taking into account the mass of the charmed quark. The parameters of the…
We study the possibility of intrinsic (non-perturbative) charm in parton distribution functions (PDF) of the proton, within the context of the CT10 next-to-next-to-leading order (NNLO) global analysis. Three models for the intrinsic charm…
A new interpretation of intrinsic charm phenomenon based on the assumption of pentaquark $\left| u u d c\bar{c} \right>$ mixing with a proton is offered. The structure function of the $c$-quark in the pentaquark is constructed. Mixing…