Related papers: The evolutionary state of Miras with changing puls…
Aims: We report the discovery that Mira variables with and without absorption lines of the element technetium (Tc) occupy two different regions in a diagram of near- to mid-infrared colour versus pulsation period. Tc is an indicator of a…
Stellar evolution computations were carried out for stars with a main sequence mass $M_\mathrm{ZAMS}=0.86M_\odot$ and initial metal abundance $Z=0.003$ and $Z=0.004$. Selected models of evolutionary sequences were used for calculation of…
Pulsation period decrease during the initial stage of the thermal pulse in the helium-burning shell of the Mira-type variable T UMi is investigated with numerical methods of stellar evolution and radiation hydrodynamics. To this end, a grid…
We present the discovery that Mira variables separate in two distinct sequences in a near- to mid-IR color versus pulsation period diagram, if a distinction is made with respect to the presence of technetium (Tc) in the stars. Tc is an…
We searched for Tc in a sample of long period variables selected by stellar luminosity derived from Hipparcos parallaxes. Tc, as an unstable s-process element, is a good indicator for the evolutionary status of stars on the asymptotic giant…
We follow-up on a previous finding that AGB Mira variables containing the 3DUP indicator technetium (Tc) in their atmosphere form a different sequence of K-[22] colour as a function of pulsation period than Miras without Tc. A near- to…
Stellar evolution calculations were carried out from the main sequence to the final AGB stage of stars with initial masses from 1 to $2M_\odot$ and metallicity $Z=0.01$. Selected models of evolutionary sequences were used as initial…
Stellar evolution theory predicts that asymptotic giant branch stars undergo a series of short thermal pulses that significantly change their luminosity and mass on timescales of hundreds to thousands of years. Secular changes in these…
The SC and CS stars are thermal-pulsing AGB stars with C/O ratio close to unity. Within this small group, the Mira variable BH Cru recently evolved from spectral type SC (showing ZrO bands) to CS (showing weak C2). Wavelet analysis shows…
Pulsation is believed to be the leading cause of dusty mass loss from Asymptotic Giant Branch (AGB) stars. We present a temporal study of T Cep, a long-period Mira variable, using seven ISO SWS spectra, covering a 16-month period over a…
Mira variables, RR Lyrae variables, and type II Cepheids all represent evolved states of low-mass stars, and long term observations have revealed that changes in pulsation period occur for each of these classes of variable. Most Mira…
Some Miras -- long-period variables in late evolutionary stages -- have meandering pulsation periods and light curve asymmetries, the causes of which are still unclear. We aim to understand better the origin of these phenomena by…
A new analysis of a sample of visual light curves of Mira variables is presented. The curves cover the past four decades and are selected from the AAVSO database as including a very large number of high-density and high-quality…
We present a comprehensive characterization of the evolved thermally pulsing asymptotic giant branch (TP-AGB) star R Hydrae, building on the techniques applied in Stellar Evolution in Real Time I (Moln\'ar et al. 2019) to T Ursae Minoris.…
The aims of this paper are: 1) to revisit the Tc content of a sample of oxygen-rich asymptotic giant branch (AGB) variables and 2) to increase the number of such stars for which the Li abundance has been measured to provide constraints on…
Evolutionary sequences of AGB stars with initial masses on the main sequence $M_\mathrm{ZAMS}=1.5M_\odot$, $2M_\odot$ and $3M_\odot$ were computed for the initial metallicity $Z=0.014$. Selected models of evolutionary sequences with…
Context: The details of the mass-loss process in the late stages of low- and intermediate-mass stellar evolution are not well understood, in particular its dependence on stellar parameters. Mira variables are highly suitable targets for…
Most aspects of stellar evolution proceed far too slowly to be directly observable in a single star on human timescales. The thermally pulsing asymptotic giant branch is one exception. The combination of state-of-the-art modelling…
Context: The Mira variable LX Cyg showed a dramatic increase of its pulsation period in the recent decades and appears to undergo an important transition in its evolution. Aims: We aim at investigating the spectral type evolution of this…
(abridged)Variability is a key property of stars on the asymptotic giant branch (AGB). Their pulsation period is related to the luminosity and mass-loss rate of the star. The long-period variables (LPVs) and Mira variables are the most…