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How much time does a tunneling wave packet spent in traversing a barrier? Quantum mechanical calculations result in zero time inside a barrier . In the nineties analogous tunneling experiments with microwaves were carried out. The results…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-10-20 Guenter Nimtz

There remains the old question of how long a quantum particle takes to tunnel through a potential barrier higher than its incident kinetic energy. In this article a solution of the question is proposed on the basis of a realistic…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-06-26 Wang Guowen

Quantum particles interacting with potential barriers are ubiquitous in physics, and the question of how much time they spend inside classically forbidden regions has attracted interest for many decades. Recent developments of new…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-07-06 Seyedmohammad Yusofsani , Miroslav Kolesik

The question in the title may be answered by considering the outcome of a ``weak measurement'' in the sense of Aharonov et al. Various properties of the resulting time are discussed, including its close relation to the Larmor times. It is a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-09-08 Aephraim M. Steinberg

We study the tunneling through an arbitrary number of finite rectangular opaque barriers and generalize earlier results by showing that the total tunneling phase time depends neither on the barrier thickness nor on the inter-barrier…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-07 S. Esposito

The phenomenon of quantum tunneling remains a fascinating and enigmatic one, defying classical notions of particle behavior. This paper presents a novel theoretical investigation of the tunneling phenomenon, from the viewpoint of Hartman…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-17 Massimiliano Sassoli de Bianchi

In the First Part of this paper [that was submitted for pub. in 1991 and appeared in print in Phys. Reports 214 (1992) 339] we critically review the main theoretical definitions and calculations of the sub-barrier tunnelling and reflection…

Condensed Matter · Physics 2007-09-17 Vladislav S. Olkhovsky , Erasmo Recami

In a recent review paper [{\em Phys. Reports} {\bf 214} (1992) 339] we proposed, within conventional quantum mechanics, new definitions for the sub-barrier tunnelling and reflection times. \ Aims of the present paper are: \ (i) presenting…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-10-28 V. S. Olkhovsky , E. Recami , F. Raciti , A. Zaichenko

We consider the time delay of massive, non-relativistic, one-dimensional particles due to a tunneling potential. In this setting the well-known Hartman effect asserts that often the sub-ensemble of particles going through the tunnel seems…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-07-13 J. Kiukas , A. Ruschhaupt , R. F. Werner

We show that it is impossible to determine the time a tunneling particle spends under the barrier. However, it is possible to determine the asymptotic time, i.e., the time the particle spends in a large area including the barrier. We…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-07 Julius Ruseckas

We study the nature of tunneling phase time for various quantum mechanical structures such as networks and rings having potential barriers in their arms. We find the generic presence of Hartman effect, with superluminal velocities as a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Swarnali Bandopadhyay , A. M. Jayannavar

We begin the Article with confusing citations in published papers on the question recently: how much time does a wave packet spend in a tunnelling barrier? ..a particle tunnelling through a barrier appears to do so in zero time 1. .. The…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-11-02 Guenter Nimtz , Horst Aichmann

This paper develops a geometrodynamic extension of Bohmian mechanics to describe quantum tunneling through a potential barrier, treating particle trajectories as geodesics in an Alcubierre-type spacetime. The model provides analytical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-27 Said Lantigua , Jonas Maziero

A curious feature of quantum tunneling known as the MacColl-Hartman effect results in the numerical observation that particles can traverse a barrier with effective superluminal speed. However, because tunneling is never certain, any…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-05-22 Randall S. Dumont , Tom Rivlin

How much time does a wave packet spent in tunneling a barrier? Quantum mechanical calculations result in zero time inside a barrier. In the nineties analogous tunneling experiments with microwaves were carried out confirming quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-03-17 Guenter Nimtz

We develop a new quantum-mechanical approach to scattering a particle on a one-dimensional (1D) system of two identical rectangular potential barriers, which implies modelling the dynamics of its subprocesses -- transmission and reflection…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-03-17 N. L. Chuprikov

In this paper, the tunnelling of a particle through a potential barrier is investigated in the presence of a time-dependent perturbation. The latter is attributed to the process of the energy measurement of the scattered particle. The…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-03-10 Luca Nanni

The analytical continuation of classical equations of motion to complex times suggests that a tunnelling particle spends in the barrier an imaginary duration $i|\mathcal T|$. Does this mean that it takes a finite time to tunnel, or should…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-05-28 Anton Uranga , Elena Akhmatskaya , Dmitri Sokolovski

As was shown in quant-ph/0405028, the state of a tunneling particle can be uniquely presented as a coherent superposition of two states to describe alternative sub-processes, transmission and reflection. In this paper, on the basis of the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 N. L. Chuprikov

Experiments done in the early 1990's produced a surprising result: that single photons pass through a photonic tunnel barrier with a group velocity faster than the vacuum speed of light. Subsequent experiments with classical pulses have…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-05-13 Herbert G. Winful