Related papers: The Bowley Ratio

I give a short proof of the following algebraic statement: if a vertex algebra is simple, then its underlying Lie conformal algebra is either abelian, or it is an irreducible central extension of a simple Lie conformal algebra.

The Bayesian statistical paradigm provides a principled and coherent approach to probabilistic forecasting. Uncertainty about all unknowns that characterize any forecasting problem -- model, parameters, latent states -- is able to be…

This short note provides and proves an easy algorithm to find a basic feasible solution for the Simplex Algorithm. The method uses a rule similar to Bland's rule for the initial phase of the algorithm.

We present a simple model for describing the dynamics of the interaction between a homogeneous population or society, and the natural resources and reserves that the society needs for its survival. The model is formulated in terms of…

We prove a simple inequality for a sum of squares of norms of two vectors in an inner product space. Next, using this inequality we derive the so--called "reverse uncertainty relation" and analyze its properties.

This article presents simple and easy proofs of the Implicit Function Theorem and the Inverse Function Theorem, in this order, both of them on a finite-dimensional Euclidean space, that employ only the Intermediate Value Theorem and the…

In this paper we present an introduction to morphological calculus in which geometrical objects play the rule of generalised natural numbers.

We present here a simple proof of Brown's diagonalizability theorem for certain elements of the algebra of a left regular band, including probability measures.

In this paper, I present a visual representation of the relationship between mean hourly total compensation divided by per-capita GDP, hours worked per capita, and the labor share, and show the represented labor equilibrium equation is the…

The branching rules between simple Lie algebras and its regular (maximal) simple subalgebras are studied. Two types of recursion relations for anomalous relative multiplicities are obtained. One of them is proved to be the factorized…

We describe an approximate rational arithmetic with round-off errors (both absolute and relative) controlled by the user. The rounding procedure is based on the continued fraction expansion of real numbers. Results of computer experiments…

Universal basic income (UBI) is a tax scheme that uniformly redistributes aggregate income amongst the entire population of an economy. We prove the existence of an equilibrium in a model that implements universal basic income. The economic…

This paper provides a fresh perspective on the representation of distributive bilattices and of related varieties. The techniques of naturalduality are employed to give, economically and in a uniform way, categories ofstructures dually…

A general simplicity problem in category theory is proposed. A particular example, the simplest choice of generators of an algebra is specified and illustrated by an example.

Some simple nonlinear recursions which can be completely managed are identified and the behaviour of all their solutions is ascertained.

An economy, large or small, has traditionally been defined in terms of an explicit set of agents and an assignment of characteristics to each agent. But when individual agents are negligible, most economically relevant properties of an…

In this note we show a simple formula for the coefficients of the polynomial associated with the sums of powers of the terms of an arbitrary arithmetic progression. This formula consists of a double sum involving only ordinary binomial…

We investigate, at the fundamental level, the questions of `why', `when' and `how' one could or should reach out to poor and vulnerable people to support them in the absence of governmental institutions. We provide a simple and new approach…

Productions functions map the inputs of a firm or a productive system onto its outputs. This article expounds generalizations of the production function that include state variables, organizational structures and increasing returns to…

We go into the need for, and the requirements on, a formal theory of budgets. We present a simple algebraic theory of rational budgets, i.e., budgets in which amounts of money are specified by functions on the rational numbers. This theory…