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A general technique for proving the irrationality of the zeta constants $\zeta(s)$ for odd $s = 2n + 1 \geq 3$ from the known irrationality of the beta constants $L(2n+1)$ is developed in this note. The results on the irrationality of the…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2018-06-26 N. A. Carella

We prove that at least one of the six numbers $\beta(2i)$ for $i=1,\dots,6$ is irrational. Here $\beta(s)=\sum_{k=0}^\infty(-1)^k(2k+1)^{-s}$ denotes Dirichlet's beta function, so that $\beta(2)$ is Catalan's constant.

Number Theory · Mathematics 2019-07-23 Wadim Zudilin

The existence of infinitely many consecutive prime triples $p_n$, $ p_{n+1}$, and $p_{n+2}$ as $n \to \infty$, is sufficient to prove that the Catalan constant $\beta(2)=0.9159655941\ldots $ is an irrational number. This note provides the…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2022-07-29 N. A. Carella

We present several results on the number of irrational and linear independent values among $\zeta(s),\zeta(s+2),...,\zeta(s+2n)$, where $s>2$ is an odd integer and $n>0$ is an integer. The main tool in our proofs is a certain generalization…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2015-06-26 Wadim Zudilin

The irrationality exponent $\mu(t)$ of an irrational number t, defined using the irrationality measure $1/q^\mu$, distinguishes among non-Liouville numbers and is infinite for Liouville numbers. Using the irrationality measure $1/\beta^q$,…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Jonathan Sondow

Building upon ideas of the second and third authors, we prove that at least $2^{(1-\varepsilon)\frac{\log s}{\log\log s}}$ values of the Riemann zeta function at odd integers between 3 and $s$ are irrational, where $\varepsilon$ is any…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2019-05-01 Stéphane Fischler , Johannes Sprang , Wadim Zudilin

By modifying Beukers' proof of Apery's theorem that zeta(3) is irrational, we derive criteria for irrationality of Euler's constant, gamma. For n > 0, we define a double integral I(n) and a positive integer S(n), and prove that if d(n) =…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Jonathan Sondow

In this note, I develop step-by-step proofs of irrationality for $\,\zeta{(2)}\,$ and $\,\zeta{(3)}$. Though the proofs follow closely those based upon unit-square integrals proposed originally by Beukers, I introduce some modifications…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2026-04-10 F. M. S. Lima

Let $\zeta_2(\cdot)$ be the Kubota-Leopoldt $2$-adic zeta function. We prove that, for every nonnegative integer $s$, there exists an odd integer $j$ in the interval $[s+3,3s+5]$ such that $\zeta_2(j)$ is irrational. In particular, at least…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2023-04-04 Li Lai

In a recent paper with Sprang and Zudilin, the following result was proved: if $a$ is large enough in terms of $\varepsilon>0$, then at least $2^{(1-\varepsilon)\frac{\log a}{\log \log a}}$ values of the Riemann zeta function at odd…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2019-11-13 Stéphane Fischler

It is proved that, for all odd integer $s \geqslant s_0(\varepsilon)$, there are at least $\big( c_0 - \varepsilon \big) \frac{s^{1/2}}{(\log s)^{1/2}} $ many irrational numbers among the following odd zeta values:…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2020-10-14 Li Lai , Pin Yu

Let $\zeta(s)$ be the Riemann zeta function. We prove the statement in the title, which improves a recent result of Rivoal and Zudilin by lowering $69$ to $35$. We also prove that at least one of $\beta(2),\beta(4),\ldots,\beta(10)$ is…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2021-10-19 Li Lai , Li Zhou

We consider integer sequences that satisfy a recursion of the form $x_{n+1} = P(x_n)$ for some polynomial $P$ of degree $d > 1$. If such a sequence tends to infinity, then it satisfies an asymptotic formula of the form $x_n \sim A…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2020-08-07 Stephan Wagner , Volker Ziegler

This survey text deals with irrationality, and linear independence over the rationals, of values at positive odd integers of Riemann zeta function. The first section gives all known proofs (and connections between them) of Ap\'ery's Theorem…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2012-02-13 Stéphane Fischler

Following earlier results of Sondow, we propose another criterion of irrationality for Euler's constant $\gamma$. It involves similar linear combinations of logarithm numbers $L\_{n,m}$. To prove that $\gamma$ is irrational, it suffices to…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2009-10-06 Marc Prévost

We prove that a real number a greater than or equal to 2 is the irrationality exponent of some computable real number if and only if a is the upper limit of a computable sequence of rational numbers. Thus, there are computable real numbers…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2014-10-07 Verónica Becher , Yann Bugeaud , Theodore A. Slaman

We found, by Hurwitz's Zeta Function, a new functional equation for Riemann Zeta Function. Considering this equation for $s=2$ and $s=1$, we determine a relation between the values of Riemann zeta Function on positive integers. The Matrix…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2018-10-08 Mundankulu Kabongo

We explain the exact meaning of a statement we made in a previous paper on invariants, namely that a complex-valued function of the data of the functional equation of an $L$-function is an invariant if and only if it is stable under the…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2026-03-17 Jerzy Kaczorowski , Alberto Perelli

Available proofs of result of the type 'at least one of the odd zeta values $\zeta(5),\zeta(7),\dots,\zeta(s)$ is irrational' make use of the saddle-point method or of linear independence criteria, or both. These two remarkable techniques…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2018-03-30 Wadim Zudilin

By defining $$I_n:=\int_{0}^{1}\int_{0}^{1} \frac{(x(1-x)y(1-y))^n}{(1-xy)(-\log xy)}\ dx dy$$ Sondow (see [2]) proved that $$I_n=\binom{2n}{n} \gamma+L_n-A_n$$ We prove asymptotic formula for $L_n$ and $A_n$ as $n\to\infty$, $$…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2023-12-04 Shekhar Suman
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