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In order to better utilize the information contained in the shower images generated by imaging Cherenkov telescopes (IACTs) equipped with cameras with small pixels, images are fit to a parametrization of image shapes gained from Monte Carlo…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 M. Ulrich , A. Daum , G. Hermann , W. Hofmann

The HEGRA--collaboration is operating a system of imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes to search for sources of TeV-gamma-rays. Air showers are observed in stereoscopic mode with several telescopes simultaneously. To trigger the…

The rate of extensive air-showers observed with imaging air-Cherenkov telescopes is zenith angle dependent. This effect originates from the increasing geometrical distance of the observed shower to the telescope with increasing zenith…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2019-04-12 Thomas Bretz

A new SPHERE-3 telescope is being developed for cosmic rays spectrum and mass composition studies in the 5--1000 PeV energy range. Registration of extensive air showers using reflected Cherenkov light method applied in the SPHERE detector…

Extensive air showers created by high-energy particles interacting with the Earth atmosphere can be detected using imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes (IACTs). The IACT images can be analyzed to distinguish between the events caused by…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2022-09-21 Stanislav Polyakov , Andrey Demichev , Alexander Kryukov , Evgeny Postnikov

The VERITAS gamma-ray observatory, situated in southern Arizona, is an array of four 12m diameter imaging Cherenkov telescopes, each with a 499-pixel photomultiplier-tube camera. The instrument is designed to detect astrophysical gamma rays…

Astrophysics · Physics 2019-08-13 A. Weinstein

The sensitivity of imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes (IACTs) in TeV gamma-ray observations reachs its maximum at small zenith angles (< 30 degree) which provide the minimum attainable energy threshold of an instrument. However, for a…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 A. Konopelko , F. Aharonian , M. Hemberger , W. Hofmann , J. Kettler , G. Puehlhofer , H. J. Voelk

Atmospheric Cherenkov technique is an established methodology to study TeV energy gamma rays. Here we carry out systematic monte carlo simulation studies of the timing information of Cherenkov photons. Extensive studies have already been…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-31 V. R. Chitnis , P. N. Bhat

We introduce a new Monte Carlo template-based reconstruction method for air shower arrays, with a focus on shower core and energy reconstruction of $\gamma$-ray induced air showers. The algorithm fits an observed lateral amplitude…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2019-01-09 Vikas Joshi , Jim Hinton , Harm Schoorlemmer , Rubén López-Coto , Robert Parsons

The future ground-based gamma-ray observatory Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA) will feature multiple types of imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes, each with thousands of pixels. To be affordable, camera concepts for these telescopes…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2019-08-14 S. Funk , D. Jankowsky , H. Katagiri , M. Kraus , A. Okumura , H. Schoorlemmer , A. Shigenaka , H. Tajima , L. Tibaldo , G. Varner , A. Zink , J. Zorn

Traditional cosmic ray simulations make use of the Montecarlo method in a very naive way to randomise energy and direction for each simulated particle. The flux of cosmic rays is modelled as a rain coming from a plane above the object of…

High Energy Physics - Experiment · Physics 2025-09-19 David Díez Ibáñez , Luis Obis Aparicio

A compact photoneutron source (PNS), based on an electron linac was designed and constructed to provide required nuclear data for the design of Thorium Molten Salt Reactor (TMSR). Many local shielding are built to reduce the background of…

Imaging Air Cherenkov Telescopes (IACTs) detect very high energetic (VHE) gamma rays. They observe the Cherenkov light emitted in electromagnetic shower cascades that gamma rays induce in the atmosphere. A precise reconstruction of the…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2023-05-01 Fabian Leuschner , Johannes Schäfer , Simon Steinmassl , Tim Lukas Holch , Konrad Bernlöhr , Stefan Funk , Jim Hinton , Stefan Ohm , Gerd Pühlhofer

VERITAS is a system of four imaging Cherenkov telescopes located at the Fred Lawrence Whipple Observatory in southern Arizona. We present here results of detailed Monte Carlo simulations of the array response to extensive air showers.…

Astrophysics · Physics 2019-08-13 G. Maier

We investigate possible sky survey modes with the Middle Sized Telescopes (MST, aimed at covering the energy range from $\sim$100 GeV to 10 TeV) subsystem of the Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA). We use the standard CTA tools, CORSIKA and…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2015-02-20 M. Szanecki , D. Sobczyńska , A. Niedźwiecki , J. Sitarek , W. Bednarek

We present a Monte Carlo (MC) code we wrote to simulate the photospheric process and to study the photospheric spectrum above the peak energy. Our simulations were performed with a photon to electron ratio $N_{\gamma}/N_{e} = 10^{5}$, as…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2016-01-13 Rodolfo Santana , Patrick Crumley , Roberto A. Hernandez , Pawan Kumar

Arrays of Cherenkov telescopes typically use multi-level trigger schemes to keep the rate of random triggers from the night sky background low. At a first stage, individual telescopes produce a trigger signal from the pixel information in…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2019-08-14 M. Barcelo , J. A. Barrio , O. Blanch Bigas , J. Boix , C. Delgado , D. Herranz , R. Lopez-Coto , G. Martinez , L. A. Tejedor

The current generation of Imaging Atmospheric telescopes (IACTs) has demonstrated the power of this observational technique, providing high sensitivity and an angular resolution of $\sim0.1^{\circ}$ per event above an energy threshold of…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2009-01-21 S. Funk , J. A. Hinton

A preliminary flux estimate of various cosmic-ray constituents based on the atmospheric Cerenkov light flux of extensive air showers using fractal and wavelet analysis approach is proposed. Using a Monte-Carlo simulated database of Cerenkov…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2012-10-16 C. K. Bhat

This paper aims to study the feasibility of building an Earth-skimming cosmic tau neutrinos detector, with the aim of eventually identifying the ideal dimensions of a natural site (mountainvalley) for the detection, with the energy range to…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2021-11-02 Bouzid Boussaha , Tariq Bitam