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The purpose of this note is to give the general solution of two functional equations connected to the Shannon entropy and also to the Tsallis entropy. As a result of this, we present the regular solution of these equations, as well.…
We address the problem of the foundation of generalized ensembles in statistical physics. The approach is based on Boltzmann's concept of orthodes. These are the statistical ensembles that satisfy the heat theorem, according to which the…
Quantum entropy and skew information play important roles in quantum information science. They are defined by the trace of the positive operators so that the trace inequalities often have important roles to develop the mathematical theory…
According to E.T. Jaynes and E.P. Wigner, entropy is an anthropomorphic concept in the sense that in a physical system correspond many thermodynamic systems. The physical system can be examined from many points of view each time examining…
The deep connection between entropy and information is discussed in terms of both classical and quantum physics. The mechanism of information transfer between systems via entanglement is explored in the context of decoherence theory. The…
Information theory is a mathematical theory of learning with deep connections with topics as diverse as artificial intelligence, statistical physics, and biological evolution. Many primers on information theory paint a broad picture with…
Statistical mechanics is generalized on the basis of an additive information theory for incomplete probability distributions. The incomplete normalization $\sum_{i=1}^wp_i^q=1$ is used to obtain generalized entropy $S=-k\sum_{i=1}^wp_i^q\ln…
The generalized entropic measure, which is optimized by a given arbitrary distribution under the constraints on normalization of the distribution and the finite ordinary expectation value of a physical random quantity, is considered and its…
A first principles analysis of an open system thermodynamical Carnot cycle is provided, and the results are compared to those proposed by Gibbs for open systems. The Kelvin-Clausius statement concerning heat transfer for reversible cycles…
Kolmogorov-Sinai entropy is an invariant of measure-preserving actions of the group of integers that is central to classification theory. There are two recently developed invariants, sofic entropy and Rokhlin entropy, that generalize…
We show a relationship between the entropy production in stochastic thermodynamics and the stochastic interaction in the information integrated theory. To clarify this relationship, we newly introduce an information geometric interpretation…
We develop the argument that the Gibbs-von Neumann entropy is the appropriate statistical mechanical generalisation of the thermodynamic entropy, for macroscopic and microscopic systems, whether in thermal equilibrium or not, as a…
A possible mechanism of time is formulated by developing an idea of time replaced by quantum correlations, with the aid of modern quantum information theory. We invent a microscopic model, where correlations of a closed system are steadily…
To test a possible relation between the topological entropy and the Arnold complexity, and to provide a non trivial example of a rational dynamical zeta function, we introduce a two-parameter family of two-dimensional discrete rational…
The concept of entropy connects the number of possible configurations with the number of variables in large stochastic systems. Independent or weakly interacting variables render the number of configurations scale exponentially with the…
The property of Tsallis entropy is examined when considering tow systems with different temperatures to be in contact with each other and to reach the thermal equilibrium. It is verified that the total Tsallis entropy of the two systems…
Most astrophysical plasmas are observed to have velocity distribution functions exhibiting non-Maxwellian suprathermal tails. The high energy particle populations are accurately represented by the family of kappa-distributions where the use…
From the principle of maximum entropy for a closed system in thermal equilibrium, for the first instance a clear relation is shown to exist between total entropy S (in terms of arrangements of particles) and the classical expression for the…
It is well known that a Shannon based definition of information entropy leads in the classical case to the Boltzmann entropy. It is tempting to regard the Von Neumann entropy as the corresponding quantum mechanical definition. But the…
Entropy is useful in statistical problems as a measure of irreversibility, randomness, mixing, dispersion, and number of microstates. However, there remains ambiguity over the precise mathematical formulation of entropy, generalized beyond…