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The distributed representations currently used are dense and uninterpretable, leading to interpretations that themselves are relative, overcomplete, and hard to interpret. We propose a method that transforms these word vectors into reduced…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-14 Biraj Silwal

This work proposes a novel methodology for measuring compositional behavior in contemporary language embedding models. Specifically, we focus on adjectival modifier phenomena in adjective-noun phrases. In recent years, distributional…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-19 Danilo S. Carvalho , Edoardo Manino , Julia Rozanova , Lucas Cordeiro , André Freitas

Construction grammar posits that constructions, or form-meaning pairings, are acquired through experience with language (the distributional learning hypothesis). But how much information about constructions does this distribution actually…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-26 Joshua Rozner , Leonie Weissweiler , Kyle Mahowald , Cory Shain

In this paper, we introduce a variation of the skip-gram model which jointly learns distributed word vector representations and their way of composing to form phrase embeddings. In particular, we propose a learning procedure that…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-07-22 Xiaochang Peng , Daniel Gildea

This work lists and describes the main recent strategies for building fixed-length, dense and distributed representations for words, based on the distributional hypothesis. These representations are now commonly called word embeddings and,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-03 Felipe Almeida , Geraldo Xexéo

Additive composition (Foltz et al, 1998; Landauer and Dumais, 1997; Mitchell and Lapata, 2010) is a widely used method for computing meanings of phrases, which takes the average of vector representations of the constituent words. In this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-04-05 Ran Tian , Naoaki Okazaki , Kentaro Inui

Capturing the meaning of sentences has long been a challenging task. Current models tend to apply linear combinations of word features to conduct semantic composition for bigger-granularity units e.g. phrases, sentences, and documents.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-02-27 Benyou Wang , Qiuchi Li , Massimo Melucci , Dawei Song

Within the categorical compositional distributional model of meaning, we provide semantic interpretations for the subject and object roles of the possessive relative pronoun `whose'. This is done in terms of Frobenius algebras over compact…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2014-06-19 Mehrnoosh Sadrzadeh , Stephen Clark , Bob Coecke

We present work in progress on the temporal progression of compositionality in noun-noun compounds. Previous work has proposed computational methods for determining the compositionality of compounds. These methods try to automatically…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-06-13 Prajit Dhar , Janis Pagel , Lonneke van der Plas

We study the theoretical foundations of composition in diffusion models, with a particular focus on out-of-distribution extrapolation and length-generalization. Prior work has shown that composing distributions via linear score combination…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Arwen Bradley , Preetum Nakkiran , David Berthelot , James Thornton , Joshua M. Susskind

In this paper, we are concerned with the phenomenon of function word polysemy. We adopt the framework of distributional semantics, which characterizes word meaning by observing occurrence contexts in large corpora and which is in principle…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-01-28 Sebastian Pado , Daniel Hole

Recent work has shown that distributed word representations can encode abstract information from child-directed speech. In this paper, we use diachronic distributed word representations to perform temporal modeling and analysis of lexical…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-11-29 Arijit Gupta , Rajaswa Patil , Veeky Baths

Multimodal models have been proven to outperform text-based approaches on learning semantic representations. However, it still remains unclear what properties are encoded in multimodal representations, in what aspects do they outperform the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-11-23 Shaonan Wang , Jiajun Zhang , Nan Lin , Chengqing Zong

Distributional semantics is the linguistic theory that a word's meaning can be derived from its distribution in natural language (i.e., its use). Language models are commonly viewed as an implementation of distributional semantics, as they…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-21 Zhang Enyan , Zewei Wang , Michael A. Lepori , Ellie Pavlick , Helena Aparicio

Most conventional sentence similarity methods only focus on similar parts of two input sentences, and simply ignore the dissimilar parts, which usually give us some clues and semantic meanings about the sentences. In this work, we propose a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-07-18 Zhiguo Wang , Haitao Mi , Abraham Ittycheriah

We evaluated various compositional models, from bag-of-words representations to compositional RNN-based models, on several extrinsic supervised and unsupervised evaluation benchmarks. Our results confirm that weighted vector averaging can…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-11-30 Hanan Aldarmaki , Mona Diab

Distributed representations of words as real-valued vectors in a relatively low-dimensional space aim at extracting syntactic and semantic features from large text corpora. A recently introduced neural network, named word2vec (Mikolov et…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2015-08-11 Adriaan M. J. Schakel , Benjamin J. Wilson

Compositional data are commonly known as multivariate observations carrying relative information. Even though the case of vector or even two-factorial compositional data (compositional tables) is already well described in the literature,…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-01-26 Kamila Fačevicová , Peter Filzmoser , Karel Hron

The concepts of precision, and accuracy are domain and problem dependent. The simplified numeric hard and soft measures used in the fields of statistical learning, many types of machine learning, and binary or multiclass classification…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-10-28 A Mani

Representing texts as fixed-length vectors is central to many language processing tasks. Most traditional methods build text representations based on the simple Bag-of-Words (BoW) representation, which loses the rich semantic relations…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-07-19 Ruqing Zhang , Jiafeng Guo , Yanyan Lan , Jun Xu , Xueqi Cheng