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This paper proves limit theorems for the number of monochromatic edges in uniform random colorings of general random graphs. These can be seen as generalizations of the birthday problem (what is the chance that there are two friends with…

Probability · Mathematics 2018-02-13 Bhaswar B. Bhattacharya , Persi Diaconis , Sumit Mukherjee

Given a graph $H$, let us denote by $f_\chi(H)$ and $f_\ell(H)$, respectively, the maximum chromatic number and the maximum list chromatic number of $H$-minor-free graphs. Hadwiger's famous coloring conjecture from 1943 states that…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-04-11 Olivier Fischer , Raphael Steiner

We generalize the Five Color Theorem by showing that it extends to graphs with two crossings. Furthermore, we show that if a graph has three crossings, but does not contain K_6 as a subgraph, then it is also 5-colorable. We also consider…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Bogdan Oporowski , David Zhao

A {\em restraint} on a (finite undirected) graph $G = (V,E)$ is a function $r$ on $V$ such that $r(v)$ is a finite subset of ${\mathbb N}$; a proper vertex colouring $c$ of $G$ is {\em permitted} by $r$ if $c(v) \not\in r(v)$ for all…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-11-29 Jason I. Brown , Aysel Erey , Jian Li

Kneser's 1955 conjecture -- proven by Lov\'asz in 1978 -- asserts that in any partition of the $k$-subsets of $\{1, 2, \dots, n\}$ into $n-2k-3$ parts, one part contains two disjoint sets. Schrijver showed that one can restrict to…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-10-27 Florian Frick

We address the problem of finding upper bounds on the chromatic index $q(V,E)$ of linear (and loopless) hypergraphs. The first bound we find is defined through a color-preserving group on a proper and minimally edge-colored linear…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-10-10 Thomas Murff , Xerxes D. Arsiwalla

The Petersen colouring conjecture states that every bridgeless cubic graph admits an edge-colouring with $5$ colours such that for every edge $e$, the set of colours assigned to the edges adjacent to $e$ has cardinality either $2$ or $4$,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-09-11 François Pirot , Jean-Sébastien Sereni , Riste Škrekovski

Many variations of the classical graph coloring model have been intensively studied due to their multiple applications; scheduling problems and aircraft assignments, for instance, motivate the robust coloring problem. This model gets to…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2023-05-17 Delia Garijo , Alberto Márquez , Rafael Robles

A matching $M$ in a graph $G$ is {\em semistrong} if every edge of $M$ has an endvertex of degree one in the subgraph induced by the vertices of $M$. A {\em semistrong edge-coloring} of a graph $G$ is a proper edge-coloring in which every…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-12-15 Borut Lužar , Martina Mockovčiaková , Roman Soták

There are several topological results ensuring the existence of a large complete bipartite subgraph in any properly colored graph satisfying some special topological regularity conditions. In view of $\mathbb{Z}_p$-Tucker lemma, Alishahi…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-07-05 Meysam Alishahi

We define a method for edge coloring signed graphs and what it means for such a coloring to be proper. Our method has many desirable properties: it specializes to the usual notion of edge coloring when the signed graph is all-negative, it…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-12-05 Richard Behr

We establish a novel connection between the well-known chromatic threshold problem in extremal combinatorics and the celebrated $(p,q)$-theorem in discrete geometry. In particular, for a graph $G$ with bounded clique number and a natural…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-08-28 Hong Liu , Chong Shangguan , Jozef Skokan , Zixiang Xu

Motivated by the definition of linear coloring on simplicial complexes, recently introduced in the context of algebraic topology \cite{Civan}, and the framework through which it was studied, we introduce the linear coloring on graphs. We…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2008-07-29 Kyriaki Ioannidou , Stavros D. Nikolopoulos

\textit{Total Coloring} of a graph is a major coloring problem in combinatorial mathematics, introduced in the early $1960$s. A \textit{total coloring} of a graph $G$ is a map $f:V(G) \cup E(G) \rightarrow \mathcal{K}$, where $\mathcal{K}$…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-06-18 T Srinivasa Murthy

An edge-colouring of a graph is distinguishing, if the only automorphism which preserves the colouring is the identity. It has been conjectured that all but finitely many connected, finite, regular graphs admit a distinguishing…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-05-11 Florian Lehner , Monika Pilśniak , Marcin Stawiski

We study the problem of constructing a (near) random proper $q$-colouring of a simple k-uniform hypergraph with n vertices and maximum degree \Delta. (Proper in that no edge is mono-coloured and simple in that two edges have maximum…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2009-01-26 Alan Frieze , Pall Melsted

A $\frac{1}{k}$-majority $l$-edge-colouring of a graph $G$ is a colouring of its edges with $l$ colours such that for every colour $i$ and each vertex $v$ of $G$, at most $\frac{1}{k}$'th of the edges incident with $v$ have colour $i$. We…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-09-29 Paweł Pękała , Jakub Przybyło

For studying topological obstructions to graph colorings, Hom-complexes were introduced by Lov\'{a}sz. A graph $T$ is called a test graph if for every graph $H$, the $k$-connectedness of $|Hom(T, H)|$ implies $\chi (H)\geq k + 1 + \chi(T)$.…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-06-30 Hamid Reza Daneshpajouh

We study graph coloring problems in the streaming model, where the goal is to process an $n$-vertex graph whose edges arrive in a stream, using a limited space that is smaller than the trivial $O(n^2)$ bound. While prior work has largely…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-10-22 Sepehr Assadi , Janani Sundaresan , Helia Yazdanyar

A graph $G$ is called interval colorable if it has a proper edge coloring with colors $1,2,3,\dots$ such that the colors of the edges incident to every vertex of $G$ form an interval of integers. Not all graphs are interval colorable; in…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-06-08 Armen S. Asratian , Carl Johan Casselgren , Petros A. Petrosyan