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In this paper we discuss a left-right symmetric model for elementary particles and their connection with the mass spectrum of elementary fermions. The model is based on the group $SU(2)_L\otimes SU(2)_R\otimes U(1)$. New mirror fermions and…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2009-01-07 Y. A. Coutinho , J. A. Martins Simoes , C. M. Porto

We perform lattice studies of the gauge theory with Sp(4) gauge group and two flavours of (Dirac) fundamental matter. The global SU(4) symmetry is spontaneously broken by the fermion condensate. The dynamical Wilson fermions in the lattice…

High Energy Physics - Lattice · Physics 2020-01-29 Ed Bennett , Deog Ki Hong , Jong-Wan Lee , C. -J. David Lin , Biagio Lucini , Maurizio Piai , Davide Vadacchino

We construct and classify heterotic models where $\mathcal N=1$ supersymmetry is spontaneously broken \`a la Scherk-Schwarz. The theories contain chiral matter transforming under an observable Pati-Salam gauge symmetry and are classified…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2022-02-01 Ioannis Florakis , John Rizos , Konstantinos Violaris-Gountonis

It is shown that four-dimensional N=1 supersymmetric QCD with massive flavors in the fundamental representation of the gauge group can be realized in the hidden sector of E8xE8 heterotic string vacua. The number of flavors can be chosen to…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2008-11-26 Volker Braun , Evgeny I. Buchbinder , Burt A. Ovrut

This chapter is an introduction to the Free Fermionic Formulation of String Theory, with emphasis on heterotic model building. After a brief review of bosonization in two dimensional conformal field theories, we discuss how internal bosonic…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2025-10-27 Ioannis Florakis , John Rizos

We present a construction of modular invariant partition functions for heterotic (0,2) supersymmetric classical string vacua. This generalization of Gepner's construction yields GUT gauge groups E_6, SO(10), SU(5) and SU(3) x SU(2) x…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-10-28 Ralph Blumenhagen , Andreas Wisskirchen

We consider a gauge symmetry extension of the standard model given by $SU(3)_C\otimes SU(2)_L\otimes U(1)_X\otimes U(1)_N\otimes Z_2$ with minimal particle content, where $X$ and $N$ are family dependent but determining the hypercharge as…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2023-11-15 Duong Van Loi , Cao H. Nam , Phung Van Dong

Report in extended abstract form. Based on talk given at Strings '95, Los Angeles, CA. This is a summary of the findings initially presented in hep-th/9505080. Results of a step (the complete classification of free fermionic solutions to…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2008-02-03 Gerald B. Cleaver

The quasi-realistic free fermionic heterotic-string models provide some of the most detailed examples to explore the phenomenology of string unification. While providing a powerful tool to generate models and their spectra, understanding…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2011-07-19 Alon E. Faraggi , Mirian Tsulaia

We construct a (1,2) heterotic string with gauge symmetry and determine its particle spectrum. This theory has a local N=1 worldsheet supersymmetry for left movers and a local N=2 worldsheet supersymmetry for right movers and describes…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-10-30 David M. Pierce

We carry a systematic study of possible extensions of the standard model based on the gauge group SU(3)_c X SU(4)_L X U(1)_X. We consider both models with particles with exotic electric charges and models which do not contain exotic…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2008-11-26 William A. Ponce , Luis A. Sanchez

In the context of the local gauge group $SU(3)_c\otimes SU(3)_L\otimes U(1)_X$, we look for possible four family models, where all the particles carry ordinary electric charges. Thirteen different anomaly-free fermion structures emerge, out…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2014-11-21 Richard H. Benavides , William A. Ponce , Yithsbey Giraldo

Three family SU(3)_C x SU(2)_L x U(1)_Y string models in several constructions generically possess two features: (i) an extra local anomalous U(1)_A and (ii) numerous (often fractionally charged) exotic particles beyond those in the minimal…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2015-06-25 G. B. Cleaver , A. E. Faraggi , D. V. Nanopoulos

Composite Higgs models with a fermionic UV completion predict the existence of various bound states. We investigate models containing SU(2)$_L\times$SU(2)$_R$ as part of the unbroken global subgroup in the new strong sector. These models…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2026-05-12 R. Caliri , J. Hadlik , M. Kunkel , W. Porod , Ch. Verollet

Composite Higgs models are promising candidate models to address the long-standing naturalness problem in the Standard Model. Among them, the most minimal one is the SU(2) with 2 flavours of fermions in the fundamental representation of the…

High Energy Physics - Lattice · Physics 2019-10-31 Tadeusz Janowski , Vincent Drach , Sasa Prelovsek

Yukawa coupling constant unification together with the known fermion masses is used to constrain SO(10) models. We consider the case of one (heavy) generation, with the tree-level relation $m_b=m_\tau$, calculating the limits on the…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2007-05-23 Gerard Jungman

We study the nonperturbative dynamics of nonsupersymmetric asymptotically free gauge theories with fermionic matter in distinct representations of the SO(N) and Sp(2N) gauge groups. We use different analytic methods to unveil the associated…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2010-01-15 Francesco Sannino

A long-standing puzzle about the heterotic string has been what happens when an instanton shrinks to zero size. It is argued here that the answer at the quantum level is that an extra $SU(2)$ gauge symmetry appears that is supported in the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2010-04-07 Edward Witten

We discuss two classes of supersymmetric grand unified theories based on extended gauge groups $SO(10) \times SO(10)$ and $SO(10)\times SO(10)\times SO(10)$. Effective adjoint fields of each gauge group SO(10) are argued to be formed from…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2007-05-23 Chih-Lung Chou

In this paper, an extension of the classification of flipped SU(5) heterotic-string vacua from [1] with a variation of the SO(10) breaking $\alpha$ basis vector is presented. A statistical sampling in the space of $2^{45}$ flipped SU(5)…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2016-06-09 Hasan Sonmez