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In this paper, we study Einstein gravity extended with Ricci polynomials and derive the constraints on the coupling constants from the considerations of being ghost free, exhibiting an $a$-theorem and maintaining causality. The salient…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2018-01-24 Yue-Zhou Li , H. Lu , Jun-Bao Wu

Ghost-free bimetric gravity is an extension of general relativity, featuring a massive spin-2 field coupled to gravity. We parameterize the theory with a set of observables having specific physical interpretations. For the background…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-05-19 Marcus Högås , Edvard Mörtsell

Some bouncing models are investigated in the framework of an extended theory of gravity. The extended gravity model is a simple extension of the General Relativity where an additional matter geometry coupling is introduced to account for…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-06-10 S K Tripathy , B Mishra , Saibal Ray , Rikpratik Sengupta

We study SO(4) BF theory plus a general quadratic potential, which describes a bi- metric theory of gravity. We identify the profile of the potential leading to a Pauli-Fierz mass term for the massive graviton, thereby avoiding the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2015-06-03 David Beke , Giovanni Palmisano , Simone Speziale

We consider the ADM formalism of the Brans-Dicke theory and propose an anisotropic extension of the theory by introducing five free parameters. We find that the resulting theory reveals many interesting aspects which are not present in the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2015-06-15 Taeyoon Moon , Phillial Oh

In this work we develop a theoretical framework for Gauss-Bonnet modified gravity theories, in which ghost modes can be eliminated at the equations of motion level. Particularly, after we present how the ghosts can occur at the level of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-03-06 S. Nojiri , S. D. Odintsov , V. K. Oikonomou

Modifications of General Relativity usually include extra dynamical degrees of freedom, which to date remain undetected. Here we explore the possibility of modifying Einstein's theory by adding solely nondynamical fields. With the minimal…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2014-01-07 Paolo Pani , Thomas P. Sotiriou , Daniele Vernieri

We consider a problem whether bound states are made in a scalar theory with a fourth-order derivative term or not. After rewriting the theory to a standard scalar theory with second-order derivative terms, we calculate a correlation…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2026-03-23 Ichiro Oda

We study the metric perturbations around the de Sitter and Minkowski backgrounds in Conformal Gravity. We confirm the presence of ghosts in both cases. In the de Sitter case, by applying the Maldacena boundary conditions - the Neumann…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2023-08-30 Anamaria Hell , Dieter Lust , George Zoupanos

General N=(1,1) dilaton supergravity in two dimensions allows a background independent exact quantization of the geometric part, if these theories are formulated as specific graded Poisson-sigma models. In this work the extension of earlier…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2007-05-23 L. Bergamin

Discrepancies between theory and recent qBounce data have prompted renewed scrutiny of how boundary conditions are implemented for ultracold neutrons bouncing above a mirror in Earth's gravity. We apply the theory of self-adjoint extensions…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-20 Eric J. Sung , Benjamin Koch , Tobias Jenke , Hartmut Abele , Denys I. Bondar

We extend a previous self-tuning analysis of the most general scalar-tensor theory of gravity in four dimensions with second order field equations by considering a generalized coupling to the matter sector. Through allowing a disformal…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2016-05-04 William T. Emond , Paul M. Saffin

The unique ghost-free mass and nonlinear potential terms for general relativity are presented in a diffeomorphism and local Lorentz invariant vierbein formalism. This construction requires an additional two-index Stuckelberg field, beyond…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2013-10-30 Gregory Gabadadze , Kurt Hinterbichler , David Pirtskhalava , Yanwen Shang

We analyze the most general case of third-order Chern-Simons-like theories of massive 3D gravity. Results show the conditions for finding the unitary regions on the parameter space. There exists $(n-1)$th order theories on the boundary of a…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2020-10-09 Sinan Sevim , M. Salih Zöğ

We study the background cosmology of the ghost-free, bimetric theory of gravity. We perform an extensive statistical analysis of the model using both frequentist and Bayesian frameworks and employ the constraints on the expansion history of…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2013-03-22 Yashar Akrami , Tomi S. Koivisto , Marit Sandstad

The accelerated expansion of the universe poses a significant challenge to General Relativity. Non-local modifications to gravity have emerged as a compelling class of theories to address this dark energy puzzle. Building upon earlier…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-11-19 Susobhan Mandal , S. Shankaranarayanan

Introducing a fundamental constant of nature with dimensions of acceleration into the theory of gravity makes it possible to extend gravity in a very consistent manner. At the non-relativistic level a MOND-like theory with a modification in…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-11 D. A. Carranza , S. Mendoza , L. A. Torres

We consider a theory of modified gravity possessing d extra spatial dimensions with a maximally symmetric metric and a scale factor, whose (4+d)-dimensional gravitational action contains terms proportional to quadratic curvature scalars.…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2018-09-05 Carsten van de Bruck , Chris Longden

We show that all non-linear completions of the Fierz-Pauli massive gravity are ruled out, because all theories which might be ghost-free have superluminal modes.

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2011-06-21 Andrei Gruzinov

It is well-known that the presence of a spacetime boundary requires the conventional Einstein-Hilbert (EH) action to be supplemented by the Gibbons-Hawking (GH) boundary term in order to retain the standard variational procedure. When the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2018-07-23 Gregory Gabadadze , David Pirtskhalava