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Elliptic flow ($v_2$) fluctuations in central heavy-ion collisions are direct probes of the fluctuating geometry of the quark-gluon plasma, and, as such, are strongly sensitive to any deviation from spherical symmetry in the shape of the…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2019-03-05 Giuliano Giacalone

Correlations between event-by-event fluctuations of anisotropic flow harmonics are measured in Pb$-$Pb collisions at a center-of-mass energy per nucleon pair of 5.02 TeV, as recorded by the ALICE detector at the LHC. This study presents…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2025-11-18 ALICE Collaboration

Measurements of anisotropic flow in heavy-ion collisions provide evidence for the creation of strongly interacting matter which appears to behave as an almost ideal fluid. Anisotropic flow signals the presence of multiple interactions and…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2015-05-28 Ante Bilandzic

We review progress in the hydrodynamic description of heavy-ion collisions, focusing on recent developments in modeling the fluctuating initial state and event-by-event viscous hydrodynamic simulations. We discuss how hydrodynamics can be…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2015-06-12 Charles Gale , Sangyong Jeon , Bjoern Schenke

Disentangling the effect of initial conditions and medium properties is an open question in the field of relativistic heavy ion collisions. We argue that, while one can study the impact of initial inhomogeneities by varying their size, it…

Relativistic heavy ion collisions have reached energies that enable the creation of a novel state of matter termed the quark-gluon plasma. Many observables point to a picture of the medium as rapidly equilibrating and expanding as a nearly…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2011-07-19 James L. Nagle , Ian G. Bearden , William A. Zajc

Event-by-event fluctuations in the initial stages of ultrarelativistic nucleus-nucleus collisions depend little on rapidity. The hydrodynamic expansion which occurs in later stages then gives rise to correlations among outgoing particles…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2024-08-30 Tribhuban Parida , Rupam Samanta , Jean-Yves Ollitrault

We present the first measurements of long-range angular correlations and the transverse momentum dependence of elliptic flow $v_2$ in high-multiplicity $p$$+$Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{_{NN}}}=200$ GeV. A comparison of these results with…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2019-08-13 C. Aidala , Y. Akiba , M. Alfred , V. Andrieux , N. Apadula , H. Asano , B. Azmoun , V. Babintsev , N. S. Bandara , K. N. Barish , S. Bathe , A. Bazilevsky , M. Beaumier , R. Belmont , A. Berdnikov , Y. Berdnikov , D. S. Blau , J. S. Bok , M. L. Brooks , J. Bryslawskyj , V. Bumazhnov , S. Campbell , R. Cervantes , C. Y. Chi , M. Chiu , I. J. Choi , J. B. Choi , Z. Citron , N. Cronin , M. Csanád , T. Csörgő , T. W. Danley , M. S. Daugherity , G. David , K. DeBlasio , K. Dehmelt , A. Denisov , A. Deshpande , E. J. Desmond , A. Dion , D. Dixit , J. H. Do , A. Drees , K. A. Drees , J. M. Durham , A. Durum , A. Enokizono , H. En'yo , S. Esumi , B. Fadem , W. Fan , N. Feege , D. E. Fields , M. Finger , M. Finger, , S. L. Fokin , J. E. Frantz , A. Franz , A. D. Frawley , Y. Fukuda , C. Gal , P. Gallus , P. Garg , H. Ge , F. Giordano , Y. Goto , N. Grau , S. V. Greene , M. Grosse Perdekamp , T. Gunji , H. Guragain , T. Hachiya , J. S. Haggerty , K. I. Hahn , H. Hamagaki , H. F. Hamilton , S. Y. Han , J. Hanks , S. Hasegawa , T. O. S. Haseler , X. He , T. K. Hemmick , J. C. Hill , K. Hill , R. S. Hollis , K. Homma , B. Hong , T. Hoshino , N. Hotvedt , J. Huang , S. Huang , K. Imai , M. Inaba , A. Iordanova , D. Isenhower , D. Ivanishchev , B. V. Jacak , M. Jezghani , X. Jiang , B. M. Johnson , D. Jouan , D. S. Jumper , J. H. Kang , D. Kapukchyan , E. Karthas , D. Kawall , A. V. Kazantsev , V. Khachatryan , A. Khanzadeev , C. Kim , E. -J. Kim , M. Kim , D. Kincses , E. Kistenev , J. Klatsky , P. Kline , T. Koblesky , D. Kotov , S. Kudo , K. Kurita , Y. Kwon , J. G. Lajoie , A. Lebedev , S. Lee , M. J. Leitch , Y. H. Leung , X. Li , S. H. Lim , M. X. Liu , V-R Loggins , K. Lovasz , D. Lynch , T. Majoros , Y. I. Makdisi , M. Makek , V. I. Manko , E. Mannel , M. McCumber , P. L. McGaughey , D. McGlinchey , C. McKinney , M. Mendoza , A. C. Mignerey , A. Milov , D. K. Mishra , J. T. Mitchell , G. Mitsuka , S. Miyasaka , S. Mizuno , P. Montuenga , T. Moon , D. P. Morrison , T. Murakami , J. Murata , K. Nagai , K. Nagashima , T. Nagashima , J. L. Nagle , M. I. Nagy , I. Nakagawa , K. Nakano , C. Nattrass , T. Niida , R. Nouicer , T. Novák , N. Novitzky , A. S. Nyanin , E. O'Brien , C. A. Ogilvie , J. D. Orjuela Koop , J. D. Osborn , A. Oskarsson , G. J. Ottino , K. Ozawa , V. Pantuev , V. Papavassiliou , J. S. Park , S. Park , S. F. Pate , M. Patel , D. V. Perepelitsa , G. D. N. Perera , D. Yu. Peressounko , C. E. PerezLara , J. Perry , R. Petti , M. Phipps , C. Pinkenburg , R. P. Pisani , M. L. Purschke , K. F. Read , D. Reynolds , V. Riabov , Y. Riabov , T. Rinn , S. D. Rolnick , M. Rosati , Z. Rowan , A. S. Safonov , T. Sakaguchi , H. Sako , V. Samsonov , M. Sarsour , S. Sato , B. Schaefer , B. K. Schmoll , K. Sedgwick , R. Seidl , A. Sen , R. Seto , A. Sexton , D. Sharma , I. Shein , T. -A. Shibata , K. Shigaki , M. Shimomura , T. Shioya , P. Shukla , A. Sickles , C. L. Silva , D. Silvermyr , B. K. Singh , C. P. Singh , V. Singh , M. Slunečka , M. Snowball , R. A. Soltz , W. E. Sondheim , S. P. Sorensen , I. V. Sourikova , P. W. Stankus , S. P. Stoll , T. Sugitate , A. Sukhanov , T. Sumita , J. Sun , J. Sziklai , K. Tanida , M. J. Tannenbaum , S. Tarafdar , G. Tarnai , R. Tieulent , A. Timilsina , T. Todoroki , M. Tomášek , C. L. Towell , R. S. Towell , I. Tserruya , Y. Ueda , B. Ujvari , H. W. van Hecke , J. Velkovska , M. Virius , V. Vrba , N. Vukman , X. R. Wang , Y. S. Watanabe , C. P. Wong , C. L. Woody , C. Xu , Q. Xu , L. Xue , S. Yalcin , Y. L. Yamaguchi , H. Yamamoto , A. Yanovich , J. H. Yoo , I. Yoon , H. Yu , I. E. Yushmanov , W. A. Zajc , A. Zelenski , L. Zou

Two-particle correlations are a widely used tool for studying relativistic nuclear collisions. Multiplicity fluctuations comparing charge and particle species have been studied as a possible signal for Quark-Gluon Plasma (QGP) and the QCD…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2023-01-09 Mary Cody , Sean Gavin , Brendan Koch , Mark Kocherovsky , Zoulfekar Mazloum , George Moschelli

We investigate the fluctuations of pion elliptic flow, triangular flow, and Hanbury-Brown-Twiss (HBT) correlation functions for the hydrodynamic sources with fluctuating initial conditions in the heavy ion collisions of the Au-Au at…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2015-02-11 Ying Hu , Wei-Ning Zhang , Yan-Yu Ren

In relativistic heavy-ion collisions, the event-by-event mean transverse momentum fluctuations are sensitive to overlap area and energy density fluctuations in initial state. We present a framework to calculate $p_{\mathrm{T}}$ fluctuations…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2022-09-01 Somadutta Bhatta , Chunjian Zhang , Jiangyong Jia

In this talk I discuss novel explanations for the azimuthal correlations observed in heavy-ion collisions. I review some ideas about correlations and the evolution of heavy-ion collisions. Some aspects of the correlations observed in…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2008-08-06 Paul Sorensen

In the framework of the Glauber approach we investigate the influence of the initial fluctuations on various measures of the initial-state geometry in 63Cu+197Au and 238U+238U relativistic ion collisions. Comparing variants of Glauber model…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2014-03-03 Maciej Rybczynski , Wojciech Broniowski , Grzegorz Stefanek

We propose a redefinition of the principal component analysis (PCA) of anisotropic flow that makes it more directly connected to fluctuations of the initial geometry of the system. Then, using state-of-the-art hydrodynamic simulations, we…

The Fourier analysis of the final particle distribution followed by cumulant study of the Fourier coefficient event-by-event fluctuation is one of the main approaches for testing the collective evolution in the heavy-ion collision. Using a…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2021-07-15 Seyed Farid Taghavi

Collective anisotropic flow, where particles are correlated over the entire event, is a prominent phenomenon in relativistic heavy-ion collisions and is sensitive to the properties of the matter created in those collisions. It is often…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2024-12-19 Yicheng Feng , Fuqiang Wang

We compute initial conditions in heavy-ion collisions within the Color Glass Condensate (CGC) framework by combining the impact parameter dependent saturation model (IP-Sat) with the classical Yang-Mills description of initial Glasma…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2012-06-20 Bjoern Schenke , Prithwish Tribedy , Raju Venugopalan

Higher order cumulants between the mean transverse momentum and elliptic flow are calculated in a relativistic viscous hydrodynamic model of relativistic heavy-ion collisions. The results of the hydrodynamic simulations are compared with…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2026-05-27 Tribhuban Parida , Piotr Bożek

We propose to use the hadron number fluctuations in the limited momentum regions to study the evolution of initial flows in high energy nuclear collisions. In this method by a proper preparation of a collision sample the projectile and…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2008-11-26 Marek Gazdzicki , Mark Gorenstein

We investigate pseudorapidity correlations of the average transverse flow of particles emitted in relativistic heavy-ion collisions. We employ 3+1 dimensional viscous relativistic hydrodynamics with initial conditions from the quark Glauber…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2017-07-12 Sandeep Chatterjee , Piotr Bozek